Endo- wrong answers Flashcards
which antibody is most likely to be positive in Graves disease
anti-TSH receptor antibodies
primary hyperaldosteronism can present with what triad
hypertension
hypernatraemia
hypokalaemia
what is the single most important blood test to assess a patient’s response to treatment with levothyroxine for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
TSH
how to calculate estimated serum osmolality
(2 x sodium) +glucose+urea
diagnostic criteria for HHS
hypovolaemia
hyperglycaemia >30
serum osmolality >320
what is the most important parameter to monitor for clinical improvement in HHS
serum osmolality
what acid-base imbalance would you expect in cushings syndrome
hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis
High-dose dexamethasone suppression test with an adrenal adenoma results
cortisol- not suppressed
ACTH- suppressed
what is the most common complication of thyroid eye disease
exposure keratopathy
for T2DM, adding a second agent is recommended when HbA1c rises to what?
58 mmol/mol (7.5%) or higher
first-line investigation in suspected primary hyperaldosteronism
plasma aldosterone:renin ratio
biochemistry blood results in Addisons disease
low sodium
raised potassium
which diabetic medication is contraindicated in heart failure due to risk of fluid retention
pioglitazone- TZDs
possible differentiations of pseudo-cushings syndrome
depression
HIV infection
excess alcohol consumption
drugs that can cause gynaecomastia
digoxin
metronidazole
spironolactone
chemotherapy
gosarelin
antipsychotics
anabolic steroids
In hypercalcaemia secondary to malignancy, PTH is high/low?
low
when should patients with T2DM take their metformin dose during ramadan
one-third of the normal metformin dose should be taken before sunrise and two-thirds should be taken after sunset
over-replacement with thyroxine increases the risk for
osteoporosis
primary hyperaldosteronism, caused by bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia management-
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists - spironolactone or eplerenone
Which investigations is most to help differentiate between type 1 and type 2 diabetes
C-peptide- low in T1DM
most common underlying cause of cushings disease
pituitary adenoma
most likely adverse effect of radioiodine therapy
hypothyroidism
which investigation is carried out to diagnose Addisons disease
Short synacthen test
What dosing regimen should be followed of hydrocortisone in Addisons disease
dose is split with the majority given in the first half of the day
