MSK- trauma

Question 1

scaphoid fracture main symptom

Answer 1

pain and tender anatomical snuffbox

Question 2

scaphoid fracture imaging

Answer 2

XRAY- can be invisible- repeat after 10 days/MRI scan

Question 3

what is main risk of scaphoid fracture

Answer 3

avascular necrosis

Question 4

what is the most common type of carpal bone fracture

Answer 4

scaphoid fracture

Question 5

distal radius fracture most commonly caused by

Answer 5

fall on outstretched hand

Question 6

what is a colles fracture

Answer 6

fracture of distal radius with posterior displacement of distal fragment- dorsal displacement

Question 7

what is a smith fracture

Answer 7

fracture of distal radius with anterior displacement of distal fragment- volar displacement

Question 8

complications of colles fractures

Answer 8

carpal tunnel syndrome
median nerve injury

Question 9

colles fracture vs smith fracture- falls

Answer 9

colles- fall on outstretched hand
smith- fall on flexed hand

Question 10

management of colles fracture

Answer 10

closed reduction and immobilise wrist with a cast

Question 11

what is Bennetts fracture

Answer 11

fracture of 1st metacarpal base caused by forced hyperabduction of thumb

Question 12

what is boxers fracture

Answer 12

fracture of 5th metacarpal neck

Question 13

boxers fracture first line treatment in closed fractures

Answer 13

ulnar gutter splint

Question 14

management of ulna and radius shaft fractures

Answer 14

open reduction and internal fixation

Question 15

monteggia fracture pattern

Answer 15

fracture of proximal third of ulna and dislocation of proximal head of radius

Question 16

galeazzi fracture pattern

Answer 16

fracture of distal third of radius and dislocation of distal radio ulnar joint

Question 17

what are greenstick fractures

Answer 17

incomplete fracture which occurs in the soft bones of children

Question 18

what are nightstick fractures

Answer 18

isolated fracture of the ulna shaft

Question 19

what are supracondylar fractures

Answer 19

one of most common fractures seen in children- FOOSH

Question 20

supracondylar fracture causes pain where

Answer 20

elbow

Question 21

what is the olecranon responsible for

Answer 21

extension of elbow

Question 22

where is an olecranon fracture pain well localised to

Answer 22

the posterior elbow

Question 23

what do you need to assess in a patient with a supracondylar fracture

Answer 23

neurovascular exam- brachial artery, median nerve

Question 24

what is the most common joint dislocation

Answer 24

shoulder dislocation

Question 25

who is more likely to suffer from a shoulder dislocation

Answer 25

younger patients (teenage-30 years) sporty

Question 26

pelvic fractures in the young caused by

Answer 26

RTA or fall from height

Question 27

what classification is used to classify pelvic ring fractures

Answer 27

Young-Burgess classification

Question 28

high energy pelvis injuries, if pelvis is only site on injury first line management

Answer 28

XRAY first

Question 29

high energy pelvis injuries in poly traumatic patients first line management

Answer 29

CT first

Question 30

test of choice in low energy pelvis injuries

Answer 30

MRI- sensitive

Question 31

hip fractures risk factors

Answer 31

elderly osteoporosis smoking, alcohol use malnutrition low BMI impaired vision

Question 32

pelvic XRAY findings for hip fracture

Answer 32

loss of contour of Shentons line

Question 33

first line investigation in patients presenting with hip pain with history of trauma

Answer 33

XRAY of pelvis and lateral hip

Question 34

intertrochanteric hip fractures management

Answer 34

DHI screw

Question 35

subtrochenteric hip fractures management

Answer 35

IM nail

Question 36

how are intracapsular hip fractures classified

Answer 36

gardens classification

Question 37

what does gardens classification predict

Answer 37

predicts union and chance of AVN

Question 38

extra capsular fractures of femoral neck types-

Answer 38

intertrochenteric and subtrochenteric

Question 39

extra capsular fractures of femoral neck features

Answer 39

pain inability to bear weight shortened leg externally rotated leg bruising around hip joint

Question 40

common complication of total hip replacement

Answer 40

posterior hip dislocation

Question 41

intracapsular high function displaced fractures management

Answer 41

total hip replacement

Question 42

posterior hip dislocation presentation

Answer 42

internally rotated slightly flexed and adducted

Question 43

anterior hip dislocation internally/externally rotated

Answer 43

externally rotated

Question 44

tibial plateau fractures classification

Answer 44

Schatzer classification

Question 45

most common type of tibial plateau fracture

Answer 45

type II

Question 46

classification for ankle fracture

Answer 46

Weber Classification - A, B, C

Question 47

which fracture would you expect to see in a patient who has fell from a height onto the heel

Answer 47

calcaneus fracture

Question 48

lisfranc injury aka

Answer 48

mid foot injury

Question 49

metatarsal stress fractures common sites

Answer 49

2nd metatarsal, followed by 3rd

Question 50

which nerve most important when doing neuromuscular exam for a patient with hip dislocation

Answer 50

sciatic nerve

Question 51

meniscal tears common in

Answer 51

younger patients- usually sporting injuries

Question 52

meniscal tear best investigation

Answer 52

MRI

Question 53

compartment syndrome 4 Ps

Answer 53

pain paraethesia pallor pulselessness

Question 54

management of compartment syndrome

Answer 54

emergency fasciotomy

Question 55

compartment syndrome what should you do immediately

Answer 55

remove cast

Question 56

fat embolism triad

Answer 56

resp failure neurological abnormalities petechial rash

Question 57

meniscal tear usually result of that type of injury

Answer 57

sporting, rotational injury

Question 58

symptoms of meniscal tear

Answer 58

locking, clicking and catching feeling of knee giving way

Question 59

when do spiral fractures occur

Answer 59

occur during rotational motion

Question 60

what is a comminuted fracture

Answer 60

fracture that occurs in more than two places. typically caused by severe trauma including RTA