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ASC 408G: Swine > Exam 2: Health and Disease (Neuro-Other diseases) > Flashcards

Exam 2: Health and Disease (Neuro-Other diseases) Flashcards

1
Q

a highly contagious, viral disease which can spread rapidly in swine herds

Found in Africa and Asia, currently not in the U.S

A

African Swine Fever (ASF)

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2
Q

what ages can/are affected by african swine fever

A

all ages are effected, experiencing high mortality

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3
Q

Ways of transmission for African swine fever

A

secretions
feeding contaminated pork to pigs
fomites
ticks and other blood sucking insects

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4
Q

symptoms of African Swine Fever (ASF)

A

high fever**
red blotchy skin that turns to black lesions**

diarrhea
abortion
coughing
death (100%)

**= main symptoms

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5
Q

prevention for African swine fever

A

biosecurity

follow feed regulations (pigs should NEVER be fed raw/undercooked pork products)

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6
Q

how fast after contracting ASF will/can a pig be dead

A

~48 hrs

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7
Q

T/F there is a treatment for ASF

A

False

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8
Q

a viral neurological disease that only occurs in swine in Mexico

A

Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease)

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9
Q

when is Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease) most commonly seen

A

hot, dry months

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10
Q

__________ infected pigs are the main reservoir of Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease)

A

subclinical

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11
Q

symptoms of Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease)

A

corneal opacity (young pigs, rare)
tremors
fever
coughing
repro failure

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12
Q

transmission of Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease)

A

secretion
people (clothing)
fomites

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13
Q

prevention for Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease)

A

biosecurity

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14
Q

is there treatment or a vaccine for Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease)

A

NO

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15
Q

what type of pig are we specifically worried about introducing Porcine Rubulavirus (blue eye disease) into the U.S

A

feral pigs that will cross the border

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16
Q

younger the animal results in a (higher or lower) mortality

A

higher

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17
Q

viral disease in swine characterized by 3 overlapping symptoms

A

pseudorabies (Aujeszky disease)

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18
Q

Pseudorabies (Aujeszky disease) creates lesions in which 3 systems of the body

A

central nervous system
respiratory system
reproductive system

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19
Q

Pseudorabies (Aujeszky disease) was eradicated from the commercial pigs industry in __________, but remains in _______ swine populations

A

2004
feral

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20
Q

transmission of pseudorabies (Aujeszky disease)

A

oral nasal
placental transmission

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21
Q

is there a vaccine/ treatment for pseudorabies (Aujeszky disease)

A

NO

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22
Q

symptoms of Pseudorabies (Aujeszky disease)

A

foaming of the mouth
fever
blindness
convulsions
sneezing
coughing
repro

Nursing pigs= very high mortality rate (~100%) with death occurring 1-3days

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23
Q

how soon do pigs 10wks to market weight recover from pseudorabies (Aujeszky disease)

A

7-10days

24
Q

The predominant streptococcal disease in swine is caused by ________________________ and is usually seen in nursing or recently weaned pigs

A

streptococcus suis (most common)

25
Q

This disease is characterized by septicemia, acute meningitis, polyarthritis and brnchopneumonia

A

streptococcal infection: streptococcus suis

26
Q

T/F streptococcus suis (most common) is zooinotic

A

TRUE

occurs occasionally in people who work with pigs or handle meat

caused localized infections, arthritis, septicemia and even death

27
Q

does streptococcus suis have a high mortality rate in pigs

A

YES

28
Q

symptoms of streptococcal infection

A

stretched out on side paddling
tremors
blindness
swollen joints
lameness

29
Q

prevention of streptococcal infection

A

vaccine
biosecurity

30
Q

treatment for streptococcal infection

A

antibiotics

** some strains are resistant to antibiotics
(NOT EFFECTIVE once CNS is involved/shot)

31
Q

transmission of streptococcal infection

A

oral nasal (passes through the tonsils)
secretions (gets into wounds)
vecto (fly=5days)

32
Q

streptococcus suis survives in ______ and _______ in the pigs environment

A

dust
feces

33
Q

This causes inflammation of the tissues and turbinate bones of the snout inside the nasal passageway

turbinate bones in the snout become damaged resulting in shrinkage or distortion

A

atrophic rhinitis

34
Q

what are the two forms of atrophic rhinitis

A

mild, non-progressive (common)

Progression (PAR) VERY SERIOUS

35
Q

what causes atrophic rhinitis

A

poor ventilation
dusty atmosphere
low humidity
high bacterial counts in the air
high levels or aerosols/ammonia
PRRS

36
Q

symptoms of atrophic rhinitis

A

MILD: sneezing and nasal discharge

PAR: bloody nose, disfigured snout, tear-stained face, difficulty eating

37
Q

prevention for atrophic rhinitis

A

Vaccine if it is prevalent in herd

**most don’t vaccinate because it isn’t financially necessary

38
Q

treatment for atrophic rhinitis

A

antibiotics

39
Q

infectious disease of growing and mature swine, zoonotic and causes Erysipeloid in humans

A

Erysipelas

Bacteria is always present in swine or the environment.

40
Q

a localized skin infection that occurs in people who work with infected animals, processed meats, or animal by-products

A

Erysipeloid

41
Q

transmission of Erysipelas

A

secretion (fecal and nasal)
contaminated feed and water

42
Q

symptoms of Erysipelas

A

really high fever (104-108)

reddening or cyanotic skin

small raised diamond/square rash that is red then turns black

swollen joints

repro failure

43
Q

prevention of Erysipelas

A

vaccination
biosecurity
quarantine new animals

44
Q

treatment for Erysipelas

A

antibiotics (penicillin)

45
Q

erosion and ulceration of the lining of the stomach

common in all pigs

A

gastric ulcers

46
Q

Gastric ulcers can lead to ____________ which can lead to anemia/death

A

hemorrhaging

47
Q

in growing pigs,_______% show gastric ulcers at slaughter

A

60%

48
Q

What causes gastric ulcers in swine

A

diet composition
size of feed particles ** common reason
irregular feed
temp fluctuating
high stock rates
stress

49
Q

what kind of feed can cause ulcers

A

too fine in size

low protein
low fiber
high energy
more than 55% wheat
high mineral content
low zinc, vitamin E and selenim

50
Q

symptoms of gastric ulcers

A

pale
grinding teeth
dark feces (blood)
vomiting
diarrhea

51
Q

treatment for gastric ulcers

A

feed highly digestable materials (whey, coarse grain)
vitamin E injections

52
Q

____________ are most often a result of cold stress (piling for warmth), transportation stress, severe coughing, or constipation

A

rectal prolapses

53
Q

examples of diets that can cause rectal prolapses

A

high levels of whey
DDGS
low fiber

54
Q

treatment for rectal prolapse

A

surgical amputation
rectal tubes

**if in a replacement gilt=cull

55
Q

what kind of pigs often exhibit atrophic rhinitis

A

outdoor pigs

56
Q

what are the zoonotic diseases we talked about

A

swine flu
lepto
ringworm
erysipelas

ASC 408G: Swine (37 decks)

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