Intestinal flukes

Question 1

What is the common name of Fasciolopsis buski?

Answer 1

Giant intestinal fluke

Question 2

First intermediate host of Fasciolopsis buski

Answer 2

• Segmentina spp.
• Hippeutis spp.

Gyraulus din daw pwde sabi ma’am diana

Question 3

Second intermediate host of Fasciolopsis buski

Answer 3

• Trapa bicornis (water caltrop)
• Eliocharis tuberosa (water chestnut)
• Ipomea obscura (kangkong)
• Nymphaea lotus (lotus)

Question 4

Adult worms of Fasciolopsis buski inhabit the small intestine, specifically where? (portions of d small intestine)

Answer 4

duodenum & jejunum

Question 5

To differentiate Fasciolopsis from Fasciola, the intestinal ceca of Fasciolopsis buski is ____.

branched or unbranched

Answer 5

unbranched

Question 6

The ellipsoid eggs of Fasciolopsis buski are yellow-brown in color and its appearance is generally described as what?

Answer 6

Hen’s egg appearance

The shell is transparent, with a small operculum at the more pointed end

Question 7

The attachment of Fasciolopsis buski to the mucosa of the bowel causes local inflammation and ulceration, sometimes accompanied by ____.

bleeding from a dmgd vessel

Answer 7

hemorrhage

Question 8

Heavier infections of Fasciolopsis buski is suggestive of what diseases/manifestations?

Answer 8

• Duodenal ulcer disease
• Malabsorption
• Intestinal obstruction
• Diarrhea

Question 9

Drug of choice for fasciolopsiasis

Answer 9

Praziquantel

Question 10

What are the two species under Echinostomes?

Answer 10

• Echinostoma ilocanum
• Artyfechinostomum malayanum

Question 11

True or False

Only Echinostomes have a collarette spine on a circumoral disk surrounding the sucker

Answer 11

True

Question 12

True or False

The secondary intermediate host of Echinostomes are snails.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

First intermediate host of Echinostoma ilocanum

Answer 13

• Gyraulus convexiusculus
• Hippeutis umbilicalis

Question 14

Second intermediate host of Echinostoma ilocanum

Answer 14

• Vivipara angularis (Susong pampang)
• Pila luzonica (Kuhol)

Question 15

First intermediate host of Artyfechinostomum malayanum

Answer 15

• Gyraulus convexiusculus
• Hippeutis umbilicalis

not yet identified but suspected to tbe d same w/ Echinostoma ilocanum

Question 16

Second intermediate host of Artyfechinostomum malayanum

Answer 16

• Lymnaea cumingiana
• Ampullaris canaliculatus

Question 17

common name of Echinostoma ilocanum

Answer 17

Garrison’s fluke

Question 18

common name of Artyfechinostomum malayanum

Answer 18

wala haha

Question 19

Adult Echinostoma ilocanum is a reddish-gray worm tapered posteriorly and has ____ to ____ collarette of spines.

how many?

Answer 19

49 to 51

Question 20

how many collarette of spines does Artyfechinostomum malayanum have?

Answer 20

43 to 45

Question 21

Echinostoma ilocanum eggs are straw-colored, operculated, and are ____ than Artyfechinostomum malayanum

larger or smaller

Answer 21

smaller

Question 22

Artyfechinostomum malayanum eggs are golden-brown and are operculated that are ____ than Echinostoma ilocanum

larger or smaller

Answer 22

larger

Question 23

The unembryonated eggs of Echinostomes are similar in shape to those of what spp.?

Answer 23

Fasciolopsis

Question 24

Drug of choice for Echinostomes?

Answer 24

Praziquantel

Tetrachloroethylene is effective too

Question 25

What are the two species under Heterophyids?

Answer 25

- *Heterophyes heterophyes* - *Metagonimus yokogawai*

Question 26

Among the two Heterophyids, which is somewhat larger?

Answer 26

*Metagonimus yokogawai*

Question 27

First intermediate host of *Heterophyes heterophyes*

Answer 27

*Pironella conica*

Question 28

Second intermediate hosts of *Heterophyes heterophyes*

Answer 28

Brackish and saltwater fishes; Tilapia; Mullet | Mullet = *Mugil cephalus*

Question 29

First intermediate host of *Metagonimus yokogawai*

Answer 29

*Semisulcospira* spp. | from CDC

Question 30

Second intermediate host of *Metagonimus yokogawai*

Answer 30

Brackish and saltwater fishes; Tilapia; Mullet | Mullet = *Mugil cephalus*

Question 31

*Heterophyes heterophyes* is said to be ____- or ____-shaped with three suckers

Answer 31

avocado-shaped or pear-shaped

Question 32

*Heterophyes heterophyes* is also called as the ____ fluke of man | largest or smallest

Answer 32

smallest

Question 33

The eggs of Heterophyids closely resemble the eggs of what spp.?

Answer 33

*Clonorchis* & *Opisthorchis* ## Footnote also, magkamukha rin *H. heterophyes* & *M. yokogawai*

Question 34

Occasionally, the **eggs of what flukes** invade the _intestinal mucosa_ and their eggs deposited in the tissues may _gain access to the circulation_ leading to *formation of brain or spinal cord embolisms*?

Answer 34

Heterophyids ## Footnote _Seizures, neurologic deficits, and cardiac insufficiency_ have been ascribed to **granulomas that form around these eggs.**

Question 35

14% of the cardiac failures in the Ph is associated with what intestinal fluke?

Answer 35

Heterophyids | thus, heterophyid myocarditis

Question 36

Drug of choice for Heterophyid infections

Answer 36

Praziquantel | Tetrachloroethylene is possible too

Question 37

Among the **intestinal flukes**, which of them _inhabits the large intestine_, *particularly the cecum* and *ascending colon*?

Answer 37

*Gastrodiscoides hominis*

Question 38

Drug of choice for *Gastrodiscoides hominis*

Answer 38

Tetrachloroethylene | Praziquantel

Question 39

First intermediate host of *Gastrodiscoides hominis*

Answer 39

*Helicorbis coenosus*

Question 40

Second intermediate host of *Gastrodiscoides hominis*

Answer 40

Water plants

Question 41

Common name of *Heterophyes heterophyes*

Answer 41

Von Siebold's fluke

Question 42

Common name of *Metagonimus yokogawai*

Answer 42

Yokogawa fluke

Question 43

Common name of *Gastrodiscoides hominis*

Answer 43

Colonic fluke

Question 44

**Fasciolopsiasis** is suggestive of a malabsorptive process such as is seen in what parasitic disease?

Answer 44

giardiasis

Question 45

The absorption of vitamin ____ has been found to be impaired in some persons w/ fasciolopsiasis.

Answer 45

Vitamin B₁₂