Flashcards in Intra-abdominal infection and gastroenteritis Deck (28)
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1
Blood tests for intra-abdo infection
FBC- neutrophilia/neutropenia
CRP raised
LFTs abnormal in hepatobiliary disease
2
Imaging in intra-abdo infection
CXR- consolidation, effusion, low lobe pneumonia can present as abdo pain
USS- masses, free fluid, dilated bile ducts
CT
3
Rx of abscess
Drainage
4
Antibiotics for source other than intestinal?
Depends on source
5
Flora of GI tract that might cause intra-abdo infection
E. coli
Pseudomonas
Bacteroides
Prevotella
Enterococcus
Clostridium
6
Are there more obligate anaerobic bacteria or facultative anaerobes in the colon?
Obligate
7
List the pathongens that cause gastroenteritis
Bacillus cereus
Vibrio cholerae
Salmonella
Campylobacter
Shigella
E coli
Staph aureus
Enteamoeba hist.
Giardia lamblia
Cryptosporidium
Norovirus
Rotavirus
(and can also get non-infective)
8
Complications of gastroenteritis
Dehydration
Renal failure
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome
Toxic megacolon
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Salmonella
9
What tests would you do on a stool sample for gastroenteritis
OCP- ova, cysts, parasites
MC&S- microscopy, culture and sensitivity
C. diff toxin
10
How is cryptosporidium gastroenteritis spread?
waterborne (oocytes resistant to chlorine based disinfectants)
11
Which bacterial causes of gastroenteritis produce enterotoxins?
Bacillus cereus
Vibrio cholerae
C diff
C perfrigens
Staph aureus
Ecoli
12
Which bacterial causes of gastroenteritis have a mechanism of adherence to cells?
Shigella
E. coli
Campylobacter jejuni
Salmonella
13
What is the affect of the E. Coli strain EHEC/VTEC
Enterohaemorrhagic
Colitis/HUS
14
What is the affect of the E. Coli strain ETEC
Enterotoxigenic
Traveller's diarrhoea
15
What is the affect of the E. Coli strain EAggEC
Enteroaggregative
Traveller's diarrhoea
16
What is the affect of the E. Coli strain EIEC
Enteroinvasive dysentry like
17
What is the affect of the E. Coli strain EPEC
Enteropathogenic
Childhood diarrhoea
18
E. Coli strain 0157 uses what virulence factor?
Shiga toxin virulence factor
19
Source of E coli 0157?
Cattle
20
Severe complication of 0157?
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome in 10-15% because acts on RBCs
21
Mechanism of 0157 toxin
Similar to cholera- g proteins activated, more cAMP, more ion channels activated, increased Cl efflux, water follows into the gut.
22
Why can killing the bacteria make e coli worse?
More toxins released
23
Does salmonella produce a toxin?
No
24
4 strains of salmonella
S. typhi
S. paratyphi
S. enteritidis
S. typhimurium
25
Typhoidal strains of salmonella......?
affect cells outside of the GI tract also
26
Treatment of gastroenteritis?
Supportive
Avoid Abx except:
-Very young/old
-Campylobacter
-Spread outside GI tract (+ve blood culture)
27
C. diff treatment
Metronidazole/vancomycin (oral)
Faecal transplant
28
