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Control term 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Lareral sulcus divides?

A

Frontal and temporal lobes

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2
Q

Diencephalon contains

A

Thalamus and hypothalmus

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3
Q

How is the medulla oblongata derived embryologically?

A

Rhomencephalon –> myencephalon –> MO

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4
Q

How is the diencephalon derived embryologically?

A

Prosencephalon –>diencephalon

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5
Q

2 layers of dura are called

A

Meningeal and periosteal

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6
Q

The middle cerebral artery is a continuation of what?

A

Internal carotid

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7
Q

From where does the posterior inferior cereballar artery arise?

A

Vertebral

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8
Q

From where does the posterior cerebral artery arise?

A

Inferior communicating

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9
Q

Weak area of the skull is called? What lies beneath it?

A

Pterion

Middle meningeal artery

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10
Q

What is the ciliary ganglion supplied by, and where does it go, via what?

A

CNIII, via V1 to sphincter pupillae

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11
Q

The facial nerve supplies which to ganglia? Where do these go and via what?

A

Pterygopalatine–>V2–>lacrimal gland

Submandibular –> V3 –> Submandibular and sublingual glands

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12
Q

How does information get from CNIX to the parotid?

A

Via the otic ganglion and V3

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13
Q

Third ventricle is between?

A

Thalami

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14
Q

Fourth ventricle is between?

A

Cerebellum and pons

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15
Q

What connects the third and fourth ventricles?

A

Cerebral aqueduct

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16
Q

Where is the reticular formation

A

Tegmentum

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17
Q

Reticular formation controls what?

A

Gives rise to motor pathways

Autonomic centres

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18
Q

Ascending reticular activating system involved in what?

A

Consciousness
Pain
Sleep cycle
Arousal

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19
Q

Where do superficial veins of the brain drain to?

A 
Superior sagittal sinus
Confluence of sinuses
Transverse
Sigmoid
IJV
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20
Q

Where do deep veins drain to?

A 
Great cerebral vein
Confluence of sinuses
Transverse
Sigmoid
IJV
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21
Q

Tectum contains the

A

Superior and inferior colliculi

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22
Q

Trigeminal is motor to what?

A

Muscles of mastication
Swallowing
Tensor tympani

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23
Q

Trigeminal sensory to what?

A

Anterior scalp, dura, teeth, mucous membranes, skin of face

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24
Q

Damage to trigem=jaw deviates to ? side

A

Ipsilateral

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25
Chorda tympani carries fibres between the ? and ? nerve
Facial and lingual (from trigem)
26
Innervation of the tongue?
Ant 2/3 taste- facial Post 1/3- glossop Motor- hypoglossal
27
What is Bell's palsy
dysfunction of facial nerve
28
Which cranial nerve damage = dysphagia?
IX
29
Which cranial nerve damage = dysphonia?
X
30
Which cranial nerve damage = dysarthria?
XII, X, IX
31
Glossop innervates what sensory?
Post 1/3 tongue, oropharynx, skin ext ear, internal tympanic membrane, upper pharynx
32
In vagus nerve damage uvula devaites to ? side?
Contralateral
33
Hypoglossal nerve damage tongue deviates to ? side
Ipsilateral
34
Facial nerve action on glands?
Parasymp to all glands except parotid (that is glossop)
35
Action of subthalamus
Motor control
36
Action of epithalamus
Secretes melatonin so diurnal rythm
37
Corpus collusum and anterior commisure are dervied from what?
Lamina terminalis
38
Association fibres
Same hemisphere
39
Commisural fibres
different hemisphere
40
Projection fibres
Cerebrum to outside cerebrum
41
What produces CSF?
Choroid plexus
42
Where does CSF go?
Ventricles, subarachnoid space, arachnoid villi, dural venous sinuses
43
White matter contains what
Axons
44
The medial surface of the occipital lobe is bisected by the ?
Calcarine sulcus
45
Major function of basal ganglia?
Coordinate movement
46
Corpus striatum is made of?
Caudate and lentiform nucleii
47
Lentiform nucleus = ?+?
Putamen and globus pallidus
48
Striatum = ?+?
Caudate nucleus and putamen
49
Nerve supply of infrahyoid muscles
Ansa cervicalis (c1) except thyrohyoid is C1 via hypoglossal
50
What is in the carotid sheath?
Common carotid artery IJV Vagus nerve (or last 4 CNs in the upper part of the neck)
51
Vertebral level of the carotid bifurcation? What is a landmark?
C4 | Thyroid cartilage
52
4 branches of external carotid
Superior thyroid Lingual Facial Maxillary
53
Innervation of intrinsic muscles of larynx?
recurrent laryngeal (branch of vagus) apart from cricothyroid is ext. branch of superior laryngeal
54
What does the internal laryngeal nerve supply?
Epiglottis, base of tongue, lining of larynx
55
Course of left recurrent laryngeal?
Loops under aortic arch
56
Symptoms of horners?
Ipisilateral ptosis, miosis and anhidrosis
57
Which muscle is not working to cause ptosis in horners?
superior tarsal
58
Which muscle changes the shape of the lens?
Ciliary
59
Ciliary and iris sphincter muscles are both innervated via what?
Ciliary ganglion
60
Difference between Horner's and oculomotor palsy?
Horner's = constricted pupil (no sympathetic innervation to dilate it), Oculomotor = dilated as no sphincter pupillae to constrict it
61
Nerve to digastric?
Facial
62
6 categories of consciousness
Coma, stupour, sopor, somnolence, alertness, hyperalertness
63
Difference between coma and PVS?
In PVS more lower brain function- can track movement, sleep wake cycle or chronic wakefullness. May smile/cry/scream etc without stimulus
64
5 exclusions from brain death
``` Drug effects Hyothermia Metabolic abnormalities Endocrine abnormalities Intoxification ```
65
Limbic lobe= ?+?
Parahippocampal gyrus and cingulate gyrus
66
Cingulate gyrus contains?
Assoc fibres from frontal lobe, runs into parietal lobe then visual cortex and uncus, and takes this info to the hippocampus in the temporal lobe
67
Limbic lobe involved in what sort of behaviour?
Learned programmed activities e.g. driving, using cutlery
68
Uncus is primary projection area for?
Smell
69
Agnosia is what
Disorder of understanding
70
Apraxia is what
Inability to carry out purposeful movement even though can move
71
2 general association cortices?
``` Parieto-temporal (all different senses then cingulate gyrus so involved in memory) Prefrontal cortex (mood and feelings, higher order cognitive functions - planning, judgement) ```
72
Which side is linguistic function normally on?
Left/dominant hemisphere

AH extra cards (29 decks)

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