Lab #1 quiz

Question 1

the function that is to enable the observer to distinguish structures and points that are separated by short distances

Answer 1

resolution

Question 2

what is more important than magnification?

Answer 2

resolution

Question 3

even though it isn’t always desireable to obtain the largest image possible what is resolution necessary for?

Answer 3

to obtain sharp detail

Question 4

what factors is resolution dependent on?

Answer 4

1) illumination
2) nature of specimen
3) investigator

Question 5

the study of tissues and their microscopic structure

Answer 5

histology

Question 6

organ in the cardiovascular system

Answer 6

heart (cardio)

Question 7

organs in the respiratory system

Answer 7

lungs (pulmo or pneumo)

Question 8

organs in the digestive system

Answer 8

1) stomach
2) liver (hepato)
3) pancreas
4) small intestines
5) large intestines

Question 9

organ in the lymphatic system

Answer 9

spleen

Question 10

organs in the urinary system

Answer 10

1) kidneys (renal or nephro)

2) urinary bladder (cysto or cystis)

Question 11

organ in the endocrine system

Answer 11

adrenal gland

Question 12

organ in the nervous system

Answer 12

brain (cerebro or encephalo)

Question 13

4 basic tissue types in the human body

Answer 13

1) epithelial
2) connective
3) muscle
4) nervous

Question 14

what does epithelial tissue cover?

Answer 14

body surfaces and lines body cavities, hollow organs and ducts of glands

Question 15

the undersying tissue attachment to epithelial tissue. a thin extracellular layer consisting of two layers

Answer 15

basement membrane

Question 16

what 2 layers does the basement membrane consist of?

Answer 16

1) the basal lamina

2) regicular lamina

Question 17

the side of the epithelial tissue that faces the basement membrane

Answer 17

basal surface

Question 18

the side of the epithelial tissue that faces the body cavity, lumen or environment

Answer 18

apical surface

Question 19

what 3 shapes are the majority of epithelial cells?

Answer 19

1) squamous
2) cuboidal
3) columnar

Question 20

what shape are squamous cell?

Answer 20

thin and flat and much broader than they are thick

Question 21

what shape are cuboidal cells?

Answer 21

shaped like a cube and the nucleus is typically found in the center of the cell

Question 22

what shape are columnar cells?

Answer 22

taller than they are wide with nuclei normally located in the bottom of the cell.

Question 23

what are the two types of epithelial tissue?

Answer 23

1) simple

2) stratified

Question 24

comprised of a single layer of cells in which every cell touches the basement membrane

Answer 24

simple epithelium

Question 25

consists of multiple layers of cells

Answer 25

stratified epithelium

Question 26

considered a single layer of thin, flat cells

Answer 26

simple squamous epithelium

Question 27

what is simple squamous epithelium for?

Answer 27

a large amount of transport including filtration, diffusion, secretion and osmosis

Question 28

the simple squamous epithelum that lines the body cavities

Answer 28

mesothelium

Question 29

the simple squamous epithelium that lines the heart and blood vessels

Answer 29

endothelium

Question 30

body locations of simple squamous epithelium

Answer 30

1) lining of heart and blood vessles 2) alveoli 3) glomerular capsule 4) lining of body cavities

Question 31

comprised of multiple layers of cells that are squamous at the apical surface

Answer 31

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 32

what areas of the body is stratified squamous epithelium found?

Answer 32

areas that are exposed to mechanical stresses

Question 33

body locations that strafied squamous epithelium is found

Answer 33

1) epidermis 2) lining of the rectum 3) lining of the anus 4) lining of the vagina 5) lining of the esophagus

Question 34

a single layer of cuboidal cells

Answer 34

simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 35

where is simple cuboidal epithelium found?

Answer 35

where secretion and absorption occur and provides limited protection

Question 36

body locations where simple cuboidal epithelium is found

Answer 36

1) kidney tubules | 2) thyroid gland

Question 37

a simple layer of cells that are taller than they are wide

Answer 37

simple columnar epithelium

Question 38

where is simple columnar epithelium found?

Answer 38

where secretion and absorption occur

Question 39

increases surface area for transport

Answer 39

microvilli

Question 40

what may simple columnar epithelium have?

Answer 40

microvili or cilia

Question 41

allows substances to be moved across the apical surface

Answer 41

cilia

Question 42

body loations where simple columnar epithelium can be found

Answer 42

1) lining of stomach 2) lining of the small intestine 3) lining of the large intestine 4) lining of the gallbladder

Question 43

cells with varying shapes, the majority of which are columnar in appearacnce

Answer 43

pseduostratified columnar epithelium

Question 44

are pseudostratified columnar epithelium stratified and why?

Answer 44

no although it appears to be because every cell is in contact with the basement membrane

Question 45

what body locations is the pseudostratified columnar epithelium found?

Answer 45

1) lining of the nasal cavities | 2) lining of the trachea

Question 46

able to withstand repeated stretching and recoiling without being damaged. contains multiple layers of cells with the apical layer of cells having a dome shaped appearance.

Answer 46

transitional epithelium

Question 47

body locations where transitional epithelium is found

Answer 47

1) linining of the urinary bladder | 2) ureters

Question 48

3 types of muslce tissue

Answer 48

1) skeletal 2) smooth 3) cardiac

Question 49

found in skeletal muscles that are attached to the skeleton and can be controlled volunatarily to produce body movement

Answer 49

skeletal muscle

Question 50

found in the wall of hollow organs and is involuntarily controled

Answer 50

smooth muscle

Question 51

comprises the majoirty of the wall of the heart and is also involunarily controled

Answer 51

cardiac muscle

Question 52

what is the shape of cardiac muscle?

Answer 52

short, branched and striated

Question 53

what type of nucleus do cardiac muscle have and what are the cells connected to?

Answer 53

a single nucleus per cell and the cells are connected by special intercelluar connections known as interacalated discs.

Question 54

when viewed under a microscope what does skeletal muscles have?

Answer 54

striation, alternating dark and light lines

Question 55

what shape of skeletal muscles and what type of nucleus do they thave ?

Answer 55

cylindrically shaped and are multinucleate.

Question 56

where are nuclei typically located in skeletal muscle?

Answer 56

they are pushed to the outer membrane ofthe individual cells.

Question 57

what does smooth muscle look like?

Answer 57

doesn't exhibit striations, they have a single nucleus and each cell has tapered ends.

Question 58

what body locations are smooth muscle located?

Answer 58

1) blood vessel wall | 2) wall of many digestive, urinary and respiratory organs