Lab 3: Back and Neck Muscles Flashcards by Misha Gandhi

Describe extrinsic muscles generally

Ant rami innervate on
Axial skeleton attachments

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Name muscles of first most superficial layer

Latissimus Dorsi
Trapezius

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Name muscles of second intermediate layer

Levator scapulae
Rhomboid minor and major

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Name muscles of third deep layer

Serratus posterior superior
Serratus posterior inferior

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Attachments latissimus dorsi

Sp t7-t12, ilium, tlf
To intertubercualr groove of humerus

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innervation latissimus dorsi

Ant rami c6-8 = thoracodorsal nerve

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functions latissimus dorsi

Bilateral thoracic spine extension
Unilateral lumber spine ipsilateral lateral flexion

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Attachments trapezius

Supraspinous ligament along c7-t12
External occipital protuberance, and nuchal ligament
To
Lateral 1/3rd clavicle an scapula

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innervation trapezius

Spinal accessory nerve

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fucntions trapezius

Bilateral neck extension
Unilateral ipsilateral lateral flexion
Contra lateral axial rotation
Because muscle fibres not all in same direction

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Attachments Levator scapulae

Superior angle scapula
To tp c1-4

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Innervation Levator scapulae

Ant rami c3-5

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Functions Levator scapulae

Elevate scapula
Bilateral cervical spine extension
Unilateral ipsilateral lateral flexion

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Attachments rhomboid minor and major

Sp c6-t4 to medial border scapula

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Innervation rhomboid minor and major

Ant rami c5 = dorsal scapular nerve

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Functions rhomboid minor and major

None in back so far

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Attachments Serratus posterior inferior

T12-l2 sp and tlf
To
Inf Brody ribs 9-12
5 slips

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Innervation Serratus posterior inferior

T9-12 ant rami

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Functions Serratus posterior inferior

Depress ribs = exhalation

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Attachments Serratus posterior superior

Sp t7-t3 + nuchal ligament
To superior border ribs 1-4
4 slips

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Innervation Serratus posterior superior

Ant rami t2-5

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Functions Serratus posterior superior

Elevate ribs
Accessory muscle respiration

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What is general distribution - borders of tlf from inf to superior and laterally

Inf = ilium and sacrum cont with deep fascia, abd wall muscles
Goes up to neck

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Tlf is deep fascia for which muscles in back

Erector spinae

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Which extrinsic muscles have attachments to tlf

Latissimus + Serratus posterior inferior

Describe intrinsic muscles of back

Deep posterior rami

What are general functions of intrinsic muscles

Extension Lateral flexion Rotation Stabilization of vertebral column

What is innervation of intrinsic muscles of back

Posterior rami of spinal nerves at the same level

Describe erector spinae

Wrapped in tlf I like standing = iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

Innervation erector spinae

Post rami adjacent spinal nerves

Describe iliocostalis

Sacral and ilium and vertebral recess —> ribs

Describe spinalis

Inferior to superior sp

What are functions of erector spinae

Bilateral spine extension Unilateral ipsilateral lateral flexion Iliocostalis = most, bc further away

What are functions fo deepest muscles of back

Stabilize spine Fine movement

Describe multifidus

Predominant in lumbar region

Describe rotators

Found in thoracic region

Describe intertransversarii and interspinalis

Related to processes of vertebrae

Describe Levatores costarum

Back functions a And respiration muscles

What supplies blood to intrinsic and extrinsic deep muscles (Serratus posterior)

Segmental branches of thoracic aorta = dorsal branches of posterior intercostals, abd aorta = dorsal branches of lumbar arteries, and internal iliac arteries = dorsal branches of lateral sacral

What supplies extrinsic back muscles

Segmental branches of aorta Subclavian artery system to upper limb = transverse cervical, dorsal scapular, thoracodorsal

What gives blood to lats/tlf

Thoracodorsal artery

What gives blood to traps, rhomboids, Levator scapulae

dorsal scapular a

What gives blood to traps and rhomboids

Transverse cervical artery

Describe splenius

Most superficial Splenius capitis and splenius cervicis

Splenius capitis attachments

Sp c7 -t3 Nuchal ligament Mastoid process

Splenius cervicis attachments

Sp t3-t6 Tp c1-c3

Innervation of splenius

Post rami cervical nerves

Fucntion of splenius

Bilateral extension fo head = capitis Externsion cervical spine = both Unilateral ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation of head and cervical spine

Attachments of semi spinalis capitis

Goes to occipital bone from articular and transverse proceses c4-t6 Taped to splenius

Fucntion of semi spinalis capitis

Bilateral extension fo head Ipsilateral head/neck lateral flexion

Innervation of semi spinalis capitis

Ant rami c2 = greater occipital nerve Ant rami c3

Name suboccipital muscles

Rectus capitis minor Rectus capitis Major Obliquus capitis superior Obliquus capitis Inferior

Function rectus capitis posterior major

Extension and ipsilateral rotation of head

Function rectus capitis posterior minor

Extension of head

Fucntion obliquus capitis superior

Extension Lateral flexion of head

Fucntion obliquus capitis inferior

Ipsilateral rotation of neck

Contents of suboccipital triangle

Vertebral artery Clinical - through transverse foramina Also have c1 = suboccipital nerve C3 = greater occipital nerve C3 = post rami

Sternocleidomastoid fucntion

Bilateral extension of head, flexion of neck - lower vertebrae Unilateral contra lateral rotation and lateral flexion

Sternocleidomastoid innervation

Spinal acsssory

Hyoid muscles actions

Flexion bc passes anteriorly to zygaphohsyeal joints

Describe longus capitis and longus colli

Flexion of head Very limited ability for ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation

Describe rectus capitis anterior/lateralis

Stabilizers of head Assist in weak flexion, ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation fo head

Describe scalenes

Anterior, middle (attach to first rib), posterior (attach to second rib) Fucntion = accessory muscle of respiration = elevat ribs 1-2, ipsilateral lateral flexion of neck cervical spine

Describe why scalenes imrpoatnt

Brachial plexus comes out between middle and anterior scalenes

Scalenes innervation

Tp c1-c7 Ant rami Cervical spinal nerves

what is vertebral artery a branch of

Subclavian artery

Deep cervical artery is branch of

Subclavian artery

What does deep cervical artery create anastomosis with

Vertebral artery near the suboccipital msucles

Occipital artery is branch of

External carotid artery

What innervates suboccipital muscles

C1 ant rami Suboccipital nerve

Describe attachment of rectus capitis posterior minor

Sp c1 to occipital

Describe attachment of rectus capitis posterior major

Sp c2 to occipital

Describe fucntion of rectus capitis posterior minor and major

Bilateral head ext Rot= mostly major

Describe fucntion of obliquus capitis superior and inferior

Bilateral head extension Ipsilateral lateral flexion Inf obliquus capitis - rot

Attachment of obliquus capitis superior

Sp c2 to tp c1

Attachment of obliquus capitis inferior

Tp c1 to occipital

Lab 3: Back and Neck Muscles Flashcards

(76 cards)