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ANAT 314 > Lecture 12: Anterior and medial thigh > Flashcards

Lecture 12: Anterior and medial thigh Flashcards

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1
Q

Name important parts of femur - gen

A

Head
Neck
Lesser and greater trochanters
Shaft

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2
Q

Describe surfaces of femur anterior view

A

Patellar suffice
Lateral and medial epicondyles
Lateral and medial condyles

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3
Q

What is only visible on posterior femur

A

Pectineal line
Linea aspera
Supracondylar ridges
Medial and lateral condyles and epicondyles

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4
Q

Describe tibia and fibula

A

Connected via interosseous membrane
Solid joint - syndesmosis

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5
Q

Describe tibia

A

Lateral and medial tibial condyles
Tibial tuberosity
Soleal line

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6
Q

What is intercondylar eminence

A

In middle of tibial condyles
Cruciate ligament attachment

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7
Q

Describe fibula

A

Head and neck
More lateral
Smaller

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8
Q

What is tibial plateau

A

Femoral condyles sit on lateral and medial condyles of tibia

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9
Q

Describe malleoli

A

Form angle joint
Medial = tibial
Lateral = on fibula

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10
Q

What type of joint knee

A

Synovial - modified hinge joint - condylar

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11
Q

Movements of knee Joint

A

Primarily flexion extension in Sagittal plane
Some medial/lateral axial rotation -bc modified hinge join - in transverse plane

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12
Q

Describe knee extension

A

Sagittal plane around transverse axis
120-150 depress extensive arc
But in some people = extra 5-10 degrees of motion = hyper extension

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13
Q

What is knee axial rot

A

Medial= 10 degrees
Lateral rotation = 30-40 degrees
Rotation of tibia relative to femur with knee flexed = while sitting with foot off grounf
If force motion = bad, too much lateral = can create instability

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14
Q

Name anterior thigh muscles hip flexors/knee extensors

A

Psoas major and ilaicus

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15
Q

Describe psoas major attachments/innervation

A

From t12-l4/5 to lesser trochanter as iliopsoas
Innervation = l1-3
Under inguinal lig

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16
Q

Describe iliacus muscle attachments/innervation

A

From iliac fossa to lesser trochanter femur as iliopsoas
Innervation = femoral nerve

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17
Q

Describe iliopsoas

A

Iliacus and psoas major fuse to form iliopsoas - common tendon attaches to lesser trochanter
True ales over superior pubis ramus - where they join

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18
Q

What is function of iliopsoas

A

Hip flexion - pull femur and hip Joint into flexion
Weak lateral rotation (bc lesser trochanter on posterior side)

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19
Q

Where does iliopsoas come out of pelvis

A

Under inguinal ligament via muscular compartment with lateral femoral cutaneous and femoral nerves

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20
Q

Name anterior thigh msucles

A

Sartorius
Quadriceps

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21
Q

Describe sartorius - name

A

Latin for tailor - when engaged in all its hip functions = Sartorius contributes to sitting cross legged in a tailors position - assis en taileur

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22
Q

Describe sartorius - gen

A

Strapped muscle

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23
Q

Describe sartorius - attachments

A

Asis to anteromedial tibia in pes anserinus
(Entire length of thigh)

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24
Q

Describe sartorius - functions

A

Hip flexion, lateral rotation and abduction
(Anterior to hip joint, lat to medial over thigh so abduction)
Weak knee flexion (post to knee joint)

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25
Describe quadriceps femoris
4 heads of femur Make up quadriceps = rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis
26
Describe rectus femoris attachments
Ant sup inf iliac spine (aiis) to quadriceps tendon
27
Describe vastus group attachments
Femur shaft to quadriceps tendon (Crosses knee joint only)
28
Describe tendons - quadriceps
All heads of quadriceps converge on to quadriceps tendon - passes knee joint and embeds patella (patella develops in developing quadriceps tendon) Below knee = called patellar ligament (Bone to bone, ligament inserts on tibial tuberosity - anterior to knee joint)
29
Common functions quadriceps
Knee extension But rectus femoris also does hip flexion - along with iliopsoas bc crosses hip and knee joint
30
Name medial thigh muscles
Hip adductors = Pectineus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis, adductor Magnus
31
Attachments pectineus
Pubis to pectineal line on femur - upper linea aspera (Most superior, to pos aspect femur)
32
Attachments adductor longus
Pubis - superior ramus to linea aspera
33
Attachments adductor brevis
Pubis to linea aspera (Deep to pectineus and adductor longus)
34
Attachments gracilis
Pubis (sup pubic rmaus v close to pubic tubercle) to anteromedial tibia in pes aserinus (Crosses 2 joints = knee and hip)
35
Common function medial though msucles
Hip adduction
36
Additional functions of pectineus, adductor longus and brevis
Hip lateral rotation Weak hip flexion
37
Additional function gracilis
Weak hip and knee flexion (knee medial rot too)
38
Describe adductor Magnus
Largest of adductors 2 parts = adductor and hamstring parts
39
Adductor portion adductor Magnus attachments
Pubis and ischial tuberosity to linea aspera
40
hamstring portion adductor Magnus attachments
Pubis and ischial tuberosity to adductor tubercle on medial epicondyle of femur
41
What is adductor tubercle
Raised egde on medial epicondyle
42
Adductor portion adductor Magnus Functions
Hip adduction = main Lateral rotation Weak flexion - bc on linea aspera
43
hamstring portion adductor Magnus Functions
Assist hamstrings with hip extension
44
Why don’t adductor Magnus 2 parts have same function
Bc positions of parts of msucles
45
What is pes anserinus
Common tendon for distal attachment of 3 msucles located on proximal anteromedial tibia
46
Trick to remember pes anserinus
Say grace before tea = Sartorius, gracilis and semiTendinosus msucles
47
Name the 2 nerves that provide motor innervation to anterior and medial thigh
Obturator nerve = l2-4 Femoral nerve = l2-4
48
Innervation obturator externus
Obturator nerve L2-4
49
Innervation adductor longus
Obturator nerve L2-4
50
Innervation adductor brevis
Obturator nerve L2-4
51
Innervation adductor part of adductor Magnus
Obturator nerve L2-4
52
Innervation gracilis
Obturator nerve L2-4
53
Innervation pectineus
Femoral nerve L2-4 Sometimes = Obturator nerve L2-4
54
INNERVATION Sartorius
Femoral nerve L2-4
55
Innervation quadriceps
Femoral nerve L2-4
56
Sensory Innervation anterior thigh
Lateral femoral cutaneous = l2-3 Anterior femoral cutaneous from femoral nerve
57
Sensory Innervation Medial thigh
Obturator nerve
58
Sensory Innervation Proximal thigh
Genitofemoral nerve - femoral branch l1-2 Ilioinguinal nerves l1
59
Sensory Innervation Medial knee and leg
Saphenous from femoral nerve
60
Describe arterial supply to anterior and medial thigh
Mainly from branches of dee[p formal artery to individual msucles
61
Describe deep venous drainage of anterior/medial thigh
Accompanying deep femoral vein
62
Describe superficial venous drainage ant/med thigh
To great saphenous vein - draining into femoral vein at femoral triangle
63
Describe femoral artery
Not many local branches Mostly takes care of distal end
64
Describe deep femoral artery
Branches to femoral head/nec And to anterior/medial thigh
65
Describe perforating branches of deep femoral artery
Pierce through adductor magnus End up posterior compartment and supplies it Also provides blood to adductor Magnus
66
Describe adductor hiatus
Gap between adductor and hamstring parts of adducto Magnus Here Is where femoral —> popliteal Artery = name changes
67
What is femoral triangle
Important area in proximal anterior thigh - muscles and neurovascualture here Via inguinal spaces = near inguinal ligament Pelvis/trunk —> lower limb passage
68
Superior border femoral triangle
Inguinal ligament
69
lateral border femoral triangle
Medial edge of sartorius
70
medial border femoral triangle
Lateral edge of adductor longus
71
floor of femoral triangle
Pectineus and iliopsoas
72
Roof of femoral triangle
Fascia lata and skin over it
73
Contents femoral triangle
Femoral artery, vein, inguinal lymph nodes = vascular compartments Femoral nerve = muscular compartment
74
How to remember contents femoral triangle
NAVIL (LATERAL TO MEDIAL) N=femoral nerve A = femoral artery V = femoral vein Il= inguinal lymph nodes
75
Clinical correlate of femoral triangle
Femoral hernias Femoral canal = potential space, normally contains lymph nodes and fat, narrower than inguinal canal Weak spot here = can cause hernias
76
Describe early stage femoral hernia
Gut loop poke way though femoral canal Bulge in groin/upper thigh, may move in and out with activity
77
Describe late stage femoral hernia
Loop cna become strangulated = BAD :(

ANAT 314 (27 decks)

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