Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ANAT 314 > Lecture 14: Leg and foot pt1 > Flashcards

Lecture 14: Leg and foot pt1 Flashcards

(89 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Describe tibiofibular joints - Gen

A

Tibia and fibula articulateat 3 joints
One synovial and 2 fibrous
No active movement at any

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe proximal tibiofibular joint

A

Planar
Synovial
But no active movement
Anterior and posterior ligaments of head of fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe middle tibiofibular joint

A

Shafts connected via the interosseus mercantile
Syndesmoses - no movement
Strong ct sheet links bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe distal tibiofibular joint

A

Syndesmosis
No movement
No articular cartilage
Posterior and anterior tibiofibular ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name ligaments of tibia and fibula

A

Anterior and posterior ligaments of head of fibula
Interosseous membrane
Anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name bones of foot categories

A

Phalanges - 14
Metatarsals - 5
Tarsals - 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe phalanges

A

1 - 2 phalanges, distal and proximal
2 - and all the rest = 2 phalanges, distal, middle, proximal
3
4
5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is big toe known as

A

Digit 1
Known as halux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe metatarsals

A

5
From medial to lateral
1-5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe tarsals

A

7 bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What makes up forefoot

A

Metatarsals and phalanges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What makes up midfoot

A

Navicular
Cuboids
Cuneiforms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What makes up hind foot

A

Talus and calcaneus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Way to remember tarsals

A

Tiny cats need milc =
Talus, calcaneus, navicular, medial intermediate and lateral cuneiforms, cuboid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe navicular bone

A

Boat shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe cuboid bone

A

Cube dice shape
Between middle and distal rows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe cuneiforms

A

Medial
Intermediate
Lateral cuneiforms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe calcalneus

A

Articulates with heel bone - talus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe talus

A

In contact with Maleoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe talocrural joint

A

True ankle joint
Complex synovial hinge = 3 articulating bones
Fibula (lateral malleolus), tibia (medial malleolus) and talus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe movements of talocrural joint

A

Dorsiflexion = move towards dorsal side foot, movement of foot superiorly - toes pointing up 20-30degrees
Plantarflexion = movement of foot inferiorly - toes pointing down 40-50degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Why is rom for dorsiflexion less than plantarflexion

A

Anterior edge of talus is wider than posterior = reduces rom in dorsiflexion
Posterior = smaller

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Describe collateral ligaments of ankle joint

A

Have one on each side
Medial and lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Descrive medial collateral ligament

A

Deltoid ligament
3 ligaments extending from tibia to talus and calcaneus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What makes up medial collateral ligament
Tibionavicular Anterior tibiotalar Posterior tibiotalar
26
Describe lateral collateral ligament
3 ligaments extending from fibula to talus and calcaneus
27
What makes up lateral collateral ligament
Posterior talofibular Calcaneofibular Anterior talofibular
28
Functions of collateral ligaments of ankle joint
Prevent abduction/adduction at talocrural joint Posterior parts also limit dorsiflexion While anterior parts limit plantarflexion *no ankle adduction/abduction!!!!!
29
Describe clinical correlate of collateral ligaments of ankle joint
Ankle sprains most often affect anterior of talofibular ligament of the lcl Rupture of anterior talofibualr joint = most often, ankle Sprain, most often roll ankle to lateral side
30
Name all other synovial joints of foot
Proximal and distal interphalangeal joints Metatarsophalageal joints Intertarsal joints Tarsometatarsal joints Talonavicular joint Calcaneocuboid joint transverse tarsal joint
31
Describe Proximal and distal interphalangeal joints
Hinge joints
32
Describe Metatarsophalageal joints
Condylloid joints
33
Describe intertarsal joints
Gliding - transverse sliding Limited motion tho
34
Describe Tarsometatarsal joints
Uninteresting gliding joints
35
Describe Talonavicular Joint
Ball and socket - contributes to motion of more complex talocalcaneonavicular joint
36
Describe Calcaneocuboid joint
Plane/gliding Much flatter
37
Describe transverse tarsal joint
Separates hind from mid foot
38
At which synovial joints is there the most movement
Proximal and distal interphalangeal joints Talonavicular joint
39
Where are flexion/extension movements mostly
Distal interphalangeal joints Proximal interphalangeal joints Metatarsophalangeal joints
40
What movements happen at metatarsophalangeal joints
Abduction adduction- relaxed position (Bc condylloid) *midline = second toe
41
What makes up talocalcaneo-navicular joint
Talonavicular joint - ball and socket Middle talocalcaneal joint, and anterior talocalcaneal joints - gliding/planar
42
What makes up functional subtalar joint complex
Talonavicular joint - ball and socket Middle talocalcaneal joint, and anterior talocalcaneal joints - gliding/planar Anatomical subtalar joint = posterior talocalcaneal joint, gliding/planar (Talus and calcaneus)
43
Describe inversion
20 degrees Lifting medial plantar surface of the foot Soles of the feet meet
44
Describe eversion
10 degrees Lifting lateral plantar surface of the foot
45
Where does inversion/eversion happen
Inversion/eversion only occurs at subtalar joint complex, NOT ANKLE JOINT NO TALOCRURAL Important for running/walking and transfer of weights
46
What happens if talocrural joint does inversion/eversion
EXCESSive inversion - rolling of ankle May cause lcl of talocrucal joint to tear = sprain
47
Name the 4 compartment of leg
Anterior Lateral Superficial posterior Deep posterior All separated by fascia, have diff functions and neurovasculature
48
Describe anterior compartment
Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, Fibularis tertius Deep Fibular nerve Anterior tibial artery and vein
49
Describe lateral compartment
Fibualris longus and brevis Superficial fibualr nerve Branches of fibular artery/vein
50
Describe superficial posterior compartment
Gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris
51
Describe deep posterior compartment
Tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus Tibial nerve Posterior tibial artery/vein, fibualr artery
52
Name msucles of anterior compartment of leg
Tibialis anterior Extensor hallucis longus Extensor digitorum longus Fibularis tertius
53
Tibialis anterior attachments
Biggest From lateral tibial condyle and shaft, interosseus membrane to medial cuneiform
54
Tibialis anterior functions
Dorsiflexion Additional = inversion - bc runs a bit medial to talocalcaneal navicular joint
55
Extensor hallucis longus attachments
From shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane to distal phalanx of Halux
56
Extensor hallucis longus functions
Dorsiflexion Addition = extension of hallux, metatarsalphalangeal and interphalangeal
57
Extensor digitorum longus attachments
Lateral tibial condyle, head of fibula to dorsum of lateral 4 toes - distal phalanx
58
Extensor digitorum longus functions
Dorsiflexion Additional = toe proximal and distal interphalangeal joints extension
59
Fibularis tertius attachments
Distal fibula to dorsal surface of metatarsal 5
60
Fibularis tertius fucntions
Weak Dorsiflexion And eversion Weak plantar flexion
61
Describe Fibularis tertius more
In anterior compartment, based on being anterior to lateral malleolus and shared innervation with Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus But main function is more like lateral compartment msucles
62
Describe tendons of msucles visible in dorsum of foot
Extensor digitorum longus Tibialis anterior Extensor hallucis longus
63
Describe extensor retinacula
To hold back = bands of thickened deep fascia holding tendons of leg msucles close to joint, preventing them from bowstringing when msucles contract - shortens, To avoid bowstringing = have straps Can move without msucle tendon popping out Sueprior extensor retinaculum and inferior extensor retinaculum
64
Describe exertional compartment syndrome
Temporary ischemia and/or nerve compression due to increase in pressure within msucle compartment Tight crucial fascia, all msucles tightly bound Can happen anywhere there are compartments - hands, legs, arms But frequently in anterior compartment of leg following strained msucalr effort - bc msucles swell during exercise Tibialis anterior can compress neurovascalture - anterior compartment bounded by deep fascia, tibia and fibula and interosseus memrvane Usually resolves with rest/return to normal activity
65
Describe acute compartment syndrome
Actual - fracture may require fasciotomy to relieve intra compartment pressure Solution - fasciotomy, open fascia - massive hemorrhage in compartment = can have tissue death/ischemia
66
Name msucles of lateral compartment of leg
Fibualris longus Fibularis brevis
67
Fibularis longus attachments
From head and proximal fibula to medial cuneiform and plantar surface of mt 1 (across plantar surface from lateral to medial)
68
Fibularis longus fucntions
Plantar flexion and erosion of foot Bc behind talocrucal joint Tendon
69
Fibularis brevis attachments
From shaft of fibula to proximal mt 5
70
Fibularis brevis fucntions
Plantar flexion and eversion of the foot
71
What are 3 msucles for foot eversion
Fibularis longus, brevis and tertius Tertius = contributes to eversion but not plantar flexion - anterior to centre of rotation
72
Name msucles of superficial posterior compartment of leg
Gastrocnemius Soleus Plantaris
73
Describe Gastrocnemius
Medial and lateral heads Makes calcneal tendon
74
Gastrocnemius Attachments
From supraconduyalr rides of femur to calcneaus via calcaneal - Achilles tendon
75
Gastrocnemius Functions
Knee flexion and plantar flexion Works with hamstrings - crosses 2 joints
76
Soleus attachments
Deep to gastrocnemius Form proximal tibia and head of fibula to calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
77
Soleus functions
Plantar flexion
78
Plantaris attachments
Deep to gastrocnemius From lateral femur - distal to calcneus
79
Plantaris Functions
Weak knee flexion and plantar flexion - deep in popliteal fossa Absent in 7-20% of ppl, can be unilateral
80
Why do so many msucles do plantar flexion
More Imporatnt -for pushing body forwards
81
Name msucles of deep posterior compartment of leg
Flexor dgitorum longus Tibialis posterior Flexor hallucis longus
82
Where do all tendons of msucles of deep posterior compartment of leg pass
Posterior to medial malleolus
83
Flexor digitorum longus attachments
From posterior tibia to distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes - plantar surface
84
Flexor digitorum longus functions
Plantar flexion and toe proximal/distal interphalangeal flexion - behind talocrural joint
85
Tibialis posterior attachments
From tibia, fibula interosseous membrane to plantar surface along tarsals
86
Tibialis posterior functions
Plantar flexion and inversion (Bc insert medial side foot)
87
Flexor hallucis longus attachments
Distal fibula to plantar surface of distal phalanx of hallux
88
Flexor hallucis longus functions
Plantar flexion and flexion of hallux interphalangeal
89
Describe relationship of flexor digitorum longus tendon and other structures
Crosses both Tibialis posterior and flexor hallucis longus = superficial to them to make its way over to lateral toes Flexor digitortum longus tendon makes x with tibials posterior then x with flexor hallucis longus (Superficial to both msucles to amke its way to lateral toes)

ANAT 314 (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions