Flashcards in Lecture 13- Digestive Tract Deck (75)
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1
What makes up the Gastrointestinal system?
- digestive tract
- associated glands
2
What makes up the digestive tract? (7)
1) oral cavity
2) esophagus
3) stomach
4) small intestine
5) large intestine
6) rectum
7) anus
3
What makes up the associated glands? (3)
- salivary glands
- liver
- pancreas
4
What is the general layout of the layers in the GI tract?
- lumen
- mucosa
- submucosa
- muscularis
- serosa or adventitia
5
What makes up the mucosa in the GI tract?
- epithelial layer
- CT lamina propria
- muscularis mucosa
6
What makes up the submucosa?
Connective tissue
7
What makes up the muscularis?
Smooth muscle, exception is skeletal muscle in esophagus
8
What makes up the serous or adventitia?
- Ct
- Epithelial layer (only in serous layers)
9
What type of tissue is on the hard palate and gingiva made for abrasion and chewing food?
Stratified squamous epithelium, keratinized
10
What type of epithelial layer is found in the cheek, floor of mouth, lips, and soft palate?
Stratified squamous epithelium, non-keratinized
11
What underlies the epithelial layer in the hard palate and gingiva?
Lamina propria goes into the periosteum of bone
12
What underlies the lips, cheek, soft palate, and floor of mouth?
Lamina propria, submucosa, striated or skeletal muscle
13
What contributes to linea alba or thickening of the buccal mucosa?
keratinization of the epithelium- abrasion can cause keratinization
14
What types of papillae make up the anterior or dorsal surface of the tongue?
Filiform and fungiform
15
What are filiform papillae?
- most abundant
- rough, keratinized surface to help with food movement
- like "file"
16
Where are taste buds found?
Everywhere but filiform. Fungiform, vallate, foliate
17
Where are the vallate papillae found?
The V of the terminal sulcus
18
What is the purpose of the serous fluid that is excreted by the papillae?
Helps wash away substances that cause taste so the next taste can be recognized.
19
What is the purpose of the gustatory cell?
- contains taste receptors that are lined with microvilli to increase surface area
- transduction pathways send impulses to afferent sensory neuron
- Stem cells regenerate gustatory cells and support cells
20
Where are taste buds found?
Inside the papillae
21
What connects the nasal cavity to the larynx and the oral cavity to the esophagus?
The pharynx
22
What type of epithelial tissue lines the nasopharynx?
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar
23
What type of epithelial tissue lines the hypopharynx?
Stratified squamous, non-keratinized
24
A disease in which layer of tissue would lead to the loss of peristalsis?
Muscularis
25
What type of tissue makes up the mucosa of the esophagus?
Stratified squamous epithelium, non- keratinized
26
What makes up the submucosa of the esophagus?
- Lamina propria (loose CT)
- Muscularis mucosa- smooth and skeletal
- Mucous glands
27
How is the muscle tissue in the esophagus divided?
1/3s
- Top 1/3- striated muscle
- middle 1/3 mixed striated/smooth
- bottom 1/3 smooth muscle
28
What are some of the functions of the stomach? (6)
1) accepts food from the esophagus
2 ) mixes food
3) makes gastric acid
4) starts protein, lipid digestion
5) absorbs very few substances from food
6) moves food (chime) into the intestine
29
What are the four layers of the stomach?
1) mucosa- simple columnar epithelial
2) submucosa- CT
3) muscularis- 3 layers in different directions
4) serosa with an outer mesothelium layer
30
