Lecture 15 - Lipids Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Lecture 15 - Lipids Deck (28)
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1
Q

The _____ portion of a phospholipid is caused by the FA tail

A

Hydrophobic

2
Q

The ______ portion of a phospholipid is caused by the polar head group.

A

Hydrophilic

3
Q

Fatty acids are stored as _____, a fuel molecule.

A

Triacylglycerols

4
Q

12 carbon fatty acid without double bonds.

A

???anoic acid

5
Q

18 carbon FA with 1 double bonds

A

Octadecenoic acid

6
Q

18 carbon FA with two double bonds

A

Octadecedienoic acid

7
Q

What is represented here? 12:3

A

A 12 carbon FA with 3 double bonds

8
Q

Delta with superscript number indicates ______

A

Location of double bond

9
Q

The distal carbon in a fatty acid is called the ______.

A

Omega carbon

10
Q

How does one number a double bond from the distal carbon?

A

Omega carbon is 1; # is location of double bond Ex: omega-4 is the 4th carbon from the distal end with a double bond

11
Q

Most unsaturated FAs are in what steric configuration?

A

cis

12
Q

In two fatty acids of the same length, the melting point will be_____ in the unsaturated chain.

A

Lower (double bonds increase melting points)

13
Q

Melting points _____ with increasing chain length in unsaturated FAs

A

Increase

14
Q

Three essential FAs

A

Linolic - ω6 - C18

Linoleneate - ω-3 - C18

Arachidonic - ω-6 - C20

15
Q

Lipids are ______ in water.

A

Insoluble

16
Q

What is this structure?

A

Triacylglycerol

17
Q

One or more fatty acid chains, a glycerol/sphingosine backbone, and a phosphorylated alcohol

A

Phospholipid

18
Q

Glycerol backbone, fatty acid, and phosphorylated alcohol

A

a phospholipid

19
Q
A

Phosphatidate; the simplest of phospholipids and a KEY INTERMEDIATE to the synthesis of complex phospholipids

20
Q
A

Sphingosine; specialized phospholipid - contains an amino alcohol and an UNSATURATED fatty acid tail

21
Q

Sphingosine backbone with sugar facing ECF.

A

glycosphingolipid

22
Q
A

Phosphatidylserine; important in cognition/learning

23
Q
A

Phosphytidalinositol; important in cell signalling

24
Q
A

Phosphatidylcholine; important in lung surfactant

25
Q
A

Phosphatidylethanolamine; found in the white matter of the CNS

26
Q
A

diphosphatidylglyercol; important in the mitochondrial membrane; note the phosphatidyle group attached to a GLYCEROL!!!!!

27
Q

Sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholamine are both found in the CNS.

What differentiates them?

A

Sphingomyelin is not a true sphingolipid derivative, as it has an amide bond in one of the FA side chains.

28
Q

Cerebrosides are the simplest _____.

A. Ganglioside

B. Glycolipid

C. Phospolipid

D. Spingolipid

A

B. Glycolipid. They are derived from sphingolipids, but contain only one sugar.