Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharmacology I > Lecture 16 - Adrenergic blocking agents > Flashcards

Lecture 16 - Adrenergic blocking agents Flashcards

1
Q

What are the alpha-receptor blockers? (two)

A

Phentolamine

Phenoxybenzamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the Alpha1 blockers? (one)

A

Prazosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the alpha2 blocker?

A

Yohimbine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the beta blockers? (three)

A

Propranolol
Timolol
Sotalol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the beta1 blockers?

A

Metoprolol

Atenolol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the general distribution of alpha receptors?

A

Blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does alpha 1 cause?

A

Mydriasis
Vasoconstriction
Contraction of genitourinary muscle
Ejaculation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does alpha2 cause?

A

decrease NE release

Suppress insulin secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does alpha blockade do you cardiovascular system?

A

Decrease peripheral resistance = Decrease D pressure
= decrease BP
Decrease venous return = othrostatic hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does alpha blockade do to the eyes?

A

Miosis (via lack of radial muscle stimulation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens to the nasal passages with alpha blockade?

A

Nasal congestion due to decreased vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens to urinary flow with alpha blockade?

A

urine flow increases

Base of bladder + urinary sphincter + prostate relax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What happens to sexual reproduction with alpha blockade?

A

Ejaculation inhibited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do alpha2 blocking agents do?

A

Increase NE release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the basic distribution of beta receptors?

A

Heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the B1 receptor do? (two things)

A

Increase heart rate and force

Increase renin secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does B2 stimulation cause? (four things)

A

Relax bronchioles
Dilate BV supplying skeletal muscles
Increase glycogenolysis
Increase aqueous humor + intraocular pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does B2 stimulation cause?

A

Lipolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the basic three things that occur with beta blockade in the heart and kidney ?

A

Decrease in HR and force
Decrease in CO and O2 demand
Decrease in renin secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What will happen overtime with beta blockade?

A

Decrease in BP in patients with hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does beta blockade cause with metabolism?

A

Decrease glycogenolysis + lipolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the behavior of a competitive antagonist?

A

If enough agonist is present can reach Emax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the behavior of a non-competitive antagonist?

A

Emax is lowered, no matter the concentration of the agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the competitive, reversible alpha antagonists?

A

Phentolamine + Prazosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the irreversible, non-competitive alpha antagonists?
Phenyoxybenzamine
26
What are the six major things that occur with alpha blockade?
``` Reduced vasoconstriction Reflex tachycardia Miosis Nasal stuffiness Decreased resistance to urinary flow Inhibition of ejaculation ```
27
What occurs once vasoconstriction is reversed with an alpha blocker?
Baroreceptors sense decrease in BP and increase SNS output
28
Why does reflex tachycardia occur with an alpha blocker?
Decreased BP Stimulates baroreceptors = increase NE release NE --> Beta = Increased HR
29
What happens when you block the alpha effects of epinephrine?
Drop in BP due to lack of vasocontriction | Heart rate increase
30
What receptors does phentolamine target?
Alphas
31
What does phentolamine do?
Decrease diastolic BP + Peripheral resistance | Reflex tachycardia
32
What are the side effects of phentolamine?
Tachycardia + Arrythmia + Myocardial ischemia + Hypotension
33
When is phentolamine used?
Hypertensive crisis from pheochromocytoma or MAO inhibitors | Prevents necrosis after accidental injection of alpha agonist
34
What are the side effects of phenoxybenzamine?
Postural hypotension + Tachycardia | Nasal congestion + no ejaculation
35
When is phenoxybenzamine used?
NE/EPI levels are too high and can overcome the effects of a drug that was a competitive agonist
36
When is phenoxybenzamine used?
Small animals with detrusor areflexia
37
What is a pheochromocytoma?
Adrenal neoplams that secretes NE/EPI
38
What is the treatment of a pheochromocytoma?
treat with phenoxybenzamine then surgery
39
What is a sign there is a pheochromocytoma?
Sudden onset of severe hypertension + tachycardia + arrhythmia
40
What do you test for in the urine to see if a pheochromocytoma is a possibility?
VMA
41
What does prazosin target?
Alpha 1
42
What does prazosin do?
Relax arterial + venous SM = decreased peripheral resistance | Decrease venous return = decrease preload
43
What is an upside to using prazosin?
no alpha2 so less tachycardia
44
What are side effects of prazosin?
Dizziness + Lethargy
45
When is prazosin used?
CHF | Functional urethral obstruction
46
What does yohimbine target?
Alpha2
47
What does Yohimbine do?
Increase NE release = increase BP and HR | Increased motor activity
48
What is a side effect of yohimbine?
tremors
49
What can yohimbine be used for in animals?
Reverse effects of xylazine
50
What does beta blockade cause in the lungs?
Bronchoconstriction
51
Where should you never use a beta blocker?
Horses with RAO
52
What does a B blocker do in the eye?
Decrease formation or aqueous humor
53
What does chronic use of a beta blocker do in regards to metabolism?
increase VLDL + decrease HDL
54
What beta blockers have the ability to be a local anesthetic?
Proranolol + Metoprolol
55
How does metoprolol + propranolol have local anesthetic capabilities?
Membrane stabilizing via sodium channel blockade
56
What are the effects of propranolol?
Decrease HR + Contractility | Decrease renin + lipolysis + glycogenolysis
57
What are the pharmokinetic characteristics of propranolol?
Low bioavalibility | Lipid soluble = CNS activity = sedation
58
What is the major side effect of propranolol?
Bronchoconstriction
59
What is another medication similar to proprananol?
Timolol
60
How does timolol differ from proprananol?
No local anesthetic affect | = can be used in eye
61
What other symptoms are seen with proprananol use?
``` Bradycardia Increase symptoms seen with CHF Lethargy Decrease excercise tolerance (B2 blockade, muscles sad) Increase glucose levels ```
62
What happens with abrupt discontinuation of propranaol
Tachycardia + Arrhythmia
63
What are your two Beta1 selective blockers?
Metoprolol + Atenolol
64
What is the effect of metoprolol + atenolol?
``` Heart mostly Decrease HR + Contractility Decreased O2 demand Decreased renin secretion = DECREASE BP ```
65
What is metoprolol + atenolol used for?
Hypertension + Tachycardia + Arrhythmia

Pharmacology I (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions