Lecture 2 8/24/23 Flashcards
What are lesions?
-any abnormalities in tissues
-can be gross or microscopic
What are inflammatory lesions?
-reaction of living tissue to an injury
-can be caused by infectious or non-infectious agents
What happens during an inflammatory response?
-more RBCs, WBCs, and inflammatory mediators flood the site
-provides more oxygen and immune cells to fight infection
What are the cardinal signs of inflammation?
-heat
-redness
-swelling
-pain
-loss of function
How is inflammation of various body parts noted in terminology?
organ/tissue prefix + -itis
What inflammatory process is an exception to the -itis rule?
pneumonia, inflammation of the lungs
How do histology and histopathology differ?
-histology is what tissues normally look like microscopically
-histopathology is what abnormal tissues look like microscopically
What is cleavage?
the cell division process that turns a zygote into a blastocyst
How does a morula become a blastocyst?
-the cells of the morula rearrange
-cells line the outside, allowing a fluid-filled space to form on the inside
How does the blastocoele become the yolk sac?
-inner cell mass moves to line the blastocoele
-inner cell mass cells become endoderm and blastocoele becomes yolk sac
What are the three primary germ layers?
-endoderm
-mesoderm
-ectoderm
What tissues are derived from ectoderm?
-skin
-nervous system
What tissues are derived from mesoderm?
-bone
-muscle
-connective tissue
-circulatory system
What tissues are derived from endoderm?
-GI tract lining
-respiratory tract lining
-liver
How does mesoderm come to be?
-some ectodermal cells enter the middle space and become mesoderm
-once this happens, the two tissues become completely independent
