lecture 2: intro to neuro 2

Question 1

understand anatomical vs clinical orientation

Answer 1

.

Question 1

how many segments of the spinal corn

Answer 1

31 segments

Question 2

true or false: spinal nerve level does not correspond with vertebral level

Answer 2

true

Question 3

are spinal nerves mixed?

Answer 3

yes

Question 4

how many cervical nevres

Answer 4

8 pairs (c1-c8)

Question 5

how many thoracic nevres

Answer 5

12 pairs (t1-t12)

Question 6

how many lumbar nerves

Answer 6

5 pairs (l1-l5)

Question 7

how many sacral nerves

Answer 7

5 pairs (s1-s5)

Question 8

how many coccygeal nerves

Answer 8

1 pair (co)

Question 9

each spinal segment is associated with what 2 things

Answer 9

myotome
dermatome

Question 10

where does the spinal cord terminate

Answer 10

conus meddularis

Question 11

what level does the spinal cord terminate at

Answer 11

L1/L2

Question 12

is the cauda equina PNS or CNS

Answer 12

PNS

Question 13

where do the spinal nerves form the cauda equina

Answer 13

lumbar cistern (space adter cord)

Question 14

where do spinak nerves exit

Answer 14

intervertebral foramen

Question 15

how are c1-c7 named

Answer 15

after the inferior vertbra

Question 16

where does c5 exit

Answer 16

above the c5 vertebra

Question 17

true or false: c1-c7 are named after the superior vert

Answer 17

false, the inferior

Question 18

where does c8 n ecxit

Answer 18

between c7 and t1 vert

Question 19

how are thoracic, sacral, lumbar and coccygeal nerves names

Answer 19

after superior vert.

Question 20

true or false: the t8 nerve exits above the t8 vert.

Answer 20

false, below the t8 vert

Question 21

true or false: up to 3 months of fetal age the spinal cord occupies the full length of the spinal canal

Answer 21

true

Question 22

why does the spinal cord end at l1/l2

Answer 22

there is a relative ascent of spinal cord until early infance (vertebral/spinal col grows faster than the spinal cord)
=anchored by filum terminale (extension of pia matter) to sacrum

Question 23

how is the spinal cord anchored

Answer 23

anchored by filum terminale (extension of pia matter) to the sacrum

Question 24

is the filum terminale considered nervous/or not nervous

Answer 24

not nervous

Question 25

true or false: fully developped spinal cord ends as filum terminale between l1/l2

Answer 25

false, as conus medullaris

Question 26

remaining spinal nerves after the spinal cord form what

Answer 26

the cauda equina

Question 27

where is the cauda equina formed

Answer 27

in lumbar cisterm

Question 28

what is the lumbar cistern

Answer 28

enlargement of dural sac with cerebrospinal fluid

Question 29

c5-t1 are the dermatomes for what body parts

Answer 29

upper limbs

Question 30

t4 dermatomes is at what body part

Answer 30

nipples

Question 31

t10 dermatomes is at what body part

Answer 31

umbillicus

Question 32

the dermatome at umbillicus is associated with what spinal n

Answer 32

t10

Question 33

the dermatone at nipple is associated with what spinal n

Answer 33

t4

Question 34

l2-s2 are the dermatomes for what body parts

Answer 34

lower limbs

Question 35

what is a dermatome

Answer 35

an area of skin innervated by sensory fibers in a single spinal n

Question 36

true or false: dermatomes are considered to be bilaterally or unilaterally distributed

Answer 36

unilateral

Question 37

true or false: there is a lot of overlap between adjacent spnal nerves

Answer 37

true

Question 38

where does herpes zoster virus lie dormant

Answer 38

in dorsal root ganglia in spinal nerves

Question 39

spinal nevres only cvarry info to and from the BLANK side of the body

Answer 39

ipsilateral side of the body

Question 40

what are myotomes

Answer 40

unilateral group of muscle fibers innervated by motor fibers in a single spinal nerve (derived from one somite/mesoderm)

Question 41

the calcaneal(achilles) reflex is associated with what spinal level

Answer 41

s1/s2 (buckle my shoe)

Question 42

the patellar reflex is associated with what spinal level

Answer 42

l3/l4 (kick the door)

Question 43

the biceps and brachioradiolais reflex is associated with what spinal level

Answer 43

c5/c6 (pick up sticks)

Question 44

the triceps reflex is associated with what spinal level

Answer 44

c7/c8 (lay tehm straight)

Question 45

in the reflex test, what is the scale

Answer 45

0 (absent) to 5 (sustained clonus) 2/3 is considered normal

Question 46

in the spinal cord: sensory info is dorsal or ventral

Answer 46

dorsL

Question 47

in the spinal cord: MOTOR info is dorsal or ventral

Answer 47

ventral

Question 48

be able to label the spinal cord

Question 49

where do u find afferent nerve rootlets in the spinal cord

Answer 49

dorsolateral sulculs

Question 50

where do u find efferent nerve rootlets in the spinal cord

Answer 50

ventrolateral sulcus

Question 51

explain the differences in the amount of white matter in the different regions of spinal cord

Answer 51

the amount of white matter decreases as you go from cervical to sacral

Question 52

explain the differences in the shape of the spinal in the different regions of spinal cord

Answer 52

shape gets rouder as we go from cervical to sacral

Question 53

explain the differences in the size of the anterior horns in the different regions of spinal cord

Answer 53

there are big anterior horns in the cervical and lumbar sections

Question 54

explain the differences in the presence of lateral horn in the different regions of spinal cord

Answer 54

lateral horns in the thoracic and sacral regions

Question 55

lateral horns in the thoracic region are responsible for sympathetic or parasympathetic

Answer 55

sympathetic

Question 56

explain the differences in the dorsal colms in the different regions of spinal cord

Answer 56

above t6: 2 lumpy bumps below t6: 1 lumpy bump

Question 57

true or false, white matter tracts in the spinal cord are arranged somatotopically

Answer 57

true