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ANAT 323 > lecture 24: limbic > Flashcards

lecture 24: limbic Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 6 general components of the limbic system

A

amygdala
hippocampus
fornix
mamillary body (hypothalamus)
cingulate
parrahippocampal

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2
Q

this limbic structure system is mainly related to homeostatis

A

hypothalamus

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3
Q

this limbic structure system is mainly related to memory

A

hippocampuswh

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4
Q

what is the 4 general functions of the limbic system

A

homeostasis,
olfaction
memory
emotion

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5
Q

explain why olfaction is part of the function of the limbic

A

since the olfactory tract/pathway has many connections to the limbic system
(scents are associated/linked with memories)

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6
Q

the hippocampus in located inside what gyrus

A

parrahippocampal gyrus

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7
Q

where is the amygdala located

A

rostral to the hypothalamus within the uncus

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8
Q

the amygdala is located blank to the hypothalamus within the uncus

A

rostral

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9
Q

the amygdala is located rostral to the hypothalamus within the BLANK

A

uncus

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10
Q

this limbic structure system is mainly related to emotion

A

amygdala

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11
Q

what is the function of the amygdala

A

involved in emotions and basic behaviour

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12
Q

involved in emotions and basic behaviour

=what component of the limbic system

A

amygdala

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13
Q

where is the hippocampus located

A

within the parrahippocampal gyrus of the temporal lobetru (fused to parrahip)

=located on the floor of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle

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14
Q

true or false: the hippocampus is located within occipitotemporal gyrus of the temporal lobe

A

false, the parrahippocampal

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15
Q

the hippocampus is located within THE BLANK gyrus of the temporal lobetru

A

the parrahippocampal

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16
Q

what is the function hippocampus

A

involved in long term memory formation and recall/retrieval

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17
Q

involved in memory formation and recall

=what limbic system structure

A

hippocampus
(and parrahippocampal gyrus)

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18
Q

what is the fornix

A

bundle of white matter (projection and commissural fibers)

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19
Q

explain the commissural fibers of the fornix

A

hippocampal commissure (connects the two limbic structure)

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20
Q

explain the projection fibers of the fornix

A

carries output from the hippocampus to the maxillary bodies of the hypothalamus and septal area

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21
Q

the fornix carries output from the BLANK to the maxillary bodies of the hypothalamus and septal area

A

HIPPOCAMPAS

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22
Q

the fornix carries output from the hippocampus to where

A

the maxillary bodies of the hypothalamus and septal area

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23
Q

what is the stria terminalis

A

closely related white tract
=connects the amygdala to the hypothalamus

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24
Q

what does the stria terminalis connect

A

connects the amygdala to the hypothalamus

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25
carries output from the hippocampus to the maxillary bodies of the hypothalamus and septal area =what limbic structure
fornix
26
connects the amygdala to the hypothalamus =what limbic structure
stria terminalis
27
the maxillary bodies are located where in the diencephalon
hypothalamus
28
what and where are the mammilary bodies
rounded nuclei visible on the ventral surface of the brain
29
what is the function of the mamillary bodies
relay center projecting signals from the hippocampus/fornix to the anterior thalamus (otherwise the hippo cannot communicate with the thalamus and then cortex to help form the connections for the memories)
30
relay center projecting signals from the hippocampus/fornix to the anterior thalamus (otherwise the hippo cannot communicate with the thalamus) =what limbic structuer
mam bodies
31
the mam bodies are a relay center projecting signals from the hippocampus/fornix where
to the anterior thalamus (otherwise the hippo cannot communicate with the thalamus and then cortex to help form the connections for the memories)
32
the cingulate cortex/gryus wraps around what on the medial hemispehre
corpus callosum
33
what is the association cortex of the limbic system
cingulate cortex
34
thecingulate cortex is the multimodal cortex of the limbic system
false, the association cortex
35
what is the function of the cingulate cortex
acts as the association cortex of the limbic system =relays bw the limbic and other cortex area
36
the parrahippocampal gyrus surrounds what other limbic structure
hippocampus
37
what is the function of the parrahippocampal gyrus
association cortex of the limbic system =invovled in memory formation and recall
38
association cortex of the limbic system =invovled in memory formation and recall which limbic structure
parrahippocampal gyrus
39
acts as the association cortex of the limbic system =relays bw the limbic and other cortex area which limbic structue
cingulate cortex
40
what is the general function of the medial limbic circuit (papez circuit)
establishing and reinforcing emotional significance of memories
41
establishing and reinforcing emotional significance of memories what is that called
medial limbic s=circuit
42
true or false: the medial limbic circuit is important for survival responses and explain
true it is important in establishing and reinforcing emotional significance of memories (see a scary monster = remember that it is scary so next time you stay away)
43
what does the medial limbic circuit begin and end with
hippocampal formation
44
what limbic structure is part of the extended circuit of the medial limbic circut
amygdala
45
what is the mnemonic for papez curcui
H=Match
46
what are the general steps of the medial limbic circuit
1) hippocampus 2) fornix (goes from hippocampus to mam body) 3) mam body 4) mammilothalamic tract (mam body to thalamus) 5) anterior nuclei of the thalamus 6) cingulate cortex and parahippocampal gyrus (via cingulum) 7) hippocampus
47
what are the two important white matter tracts in the medial limbic circuit
mammilothalamic tract (connecting mam bodies to thalamus( cingulum (connects the thalamus to the cingulate fcrotex and parsnip)
48
what is the important core nuclei of the thalamus involved in the limbic system
anterior nuclei of the thalamus
49
what is the tract that connects the mam bodies to the anterior nuclei of the thalamus
mammalthalamic trac
50
what is connecting the hippocampus to the mam bodies in the papez circuit
fornix
51
what is connecting the anterior thalamic nuclei to the cingulate gyrus and parrahippocampal in the papez circuit
cingulum
52
injuries of surgery to the hypothalamus usually lead to increase or decrease body temp
increase body temp
53
true or false: neurogenic fever is assocaited with hypothalamus lesions
true
54
what are the 3 general symptoms of hypothalamus lesion
neurogenic fever hypothalamic obesity (weight gain) korsakoff syndrome
55
explain why you might see increase in body temp or weight gain with a hypothalamus lesion
hypothalamus is responsible for homeostasis we are throwing off homeostasis, metabolic processes etc
56
true or false: hypothalamic abnormalities can lead to decreased weight gain
false, increased excess weight gain =hypothalamuc obiseit
57
korsakoff syndrome is linked to what
alcohol eating disorders AIDS/CANCERS thiamine deficiency
58
the korsakoff syndrome affects which limbic structuer
maxillary bodies of hypothalamus
59
what are the 2 main types of amnesia with korsakoff syndrome
anterograde retrograde
60
where is the hippocampus locatedin terms of the lateral ventricle
located on the floor of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle (ventral)
61
the hippocampus is fused to what gyrus
parahippocampal gyrus
62
what is the function of the hippocampus
involved in long term memory formation and memory recall/retrieval
63
electrical stem of the hippocampus cam cause was
local epileptic seizures
64
true or false: the hippocampus can be removed to treat epileptsy
true but leads to amnesia
65
explain anterograde amnesia
inability to form new, long term memories
66
inability to form new, long term memories =what type of amnesia
anterograde
67
explain retrograde amnesia
inability to recall previously consolidated memories (more recent memories get lost first/are more susceptible than older memories)
68
inability to recall previously consolidated memories (more recent memories get lost first/are more susceptible than older memories) what type of amnesia
retrograde
69
what are the two types of long term memory
declarative/explicit procedural.implicit
70
explain declarative/explicit long term memory
facts/events that can be consciously retrieved and recalled and then declared (ex: episodic memory, somantic memory)
71
facts/events that can be consciously retrieved and recalled and then declared (ex: episodic memory, somantic memory) what type of long term memory
declarative/explicit
72
explain procedural/implicit memory
your memory of how to do things/perform tasks performance of actions/tasts.skills (stored in cortex with connection to motor aspects = "muscle memory"
73
your memory of how to do things/perform tasks performance of actions/tasts.skills (stored in cortex with connection to motor aspects = "muscle memory" what type of long term memory
procedural/implicit
74
explain how memory gets consolidated
things you are learning rn get stored in working memory (transient) memory is transferred to the hippocampus (to make a long term memory) consolidate the ST memory to LT which is stored i the neo cortex where the info was originally obtained
75
true or false: the amygdala is one nucleu
false, it is a dozen nuclei in rostral temporal lobe (deep to uncus)
76
true or false; the amygdala is located in rostral temporal lobe (deep to uncus)
true
77
the amygdala receives input from where
limbic and sensory assocaition cortices
78
the amygdala gives output to where
cortex basal nuclei limbic structures =role in emotional processing
79
the amygdala integrates stimulate which means its involved with what
emotional and behavioural responses
80
what are some examples of input areas to the amygdala
somatosensory association aortex thalamus limbic cortex visual association cortex olfactory cortex
81
what are some examples of output areas to the amygdala
primary visua lcortex hippocampus nucleus accumbens limbic cortex visual lassocaiton
82
stimulation of the amygdala leads to what
reactions of reward and pleasure rage, fear, and or movements assocaited with eating and sexual activity
83
reactions of reward and pleasure rage, fear, and or movements assocaited with eating and sexual activity =associated with stimulation of what limbic structure
amygdala
84
a bilateral lesion to the amygdala leads to what syndrom
kluver bucy syndrome
85
T or F: a bilateral lesion to the amygdala leads to korsakoff syndrome
false,kluver bucy syndrome
86
what are the symptoms assocaited with kluver bucy syndrome
loss of fear decreased aggressive excessive sex drive changes in dietary habits tendency to examine objects orally heightened interest in visual stimuli
87
explain why you have one xcessive sex drive with kluver bucy syndrome
lose the emotional component of sex =do abnormal.innapropirate sexual activity and are now only using it for own pleasure
88
true or false and explain ; the amygdala is involved in anxiety disorders
yes you will have abnormal activity to both threatening and non treating stem
89

ANAT 323 (25 decks)

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