Lecture 30: The Ureters, Bladder and Urethra Flashcards
What is transitional epithelium?
Stratified rounded cells
What happens to transitional epithelium when stretched?
Flattens
What is the function of transitional epithelium?
Protection
Where do the ureters arise?
From each renal pelvis at the hilum
What are ureters?
Slender tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder
Where do ureters descend?
Retroperitoneally through the abdomen, vertically from the hila
What moves urine to the bladder in ureters?
Peristaltic waves
What are the 3 layers of the ureter?
- Mucosa
- Muscularis
- Adventitia
What makes the mucosa of the ureter?
2
- Transitional epithelium
- Lamina propria
What makes the muscularis of the ureter?
- Inner longitudinal muscle
- Outer circular muscle
What is the adventitia of the ureter?
A fibrous connective tissue
What provides additional protection to the inner surface of the ureter lumen?
Protein plaques
How do ureters run into the bladder?
Oblique through the wall of the bladder at its posterolateral corners
What do ureters act as?
Sphincter/valves
How do uterus act as sphincters/valves?
When compressed by increased bladder pressure to prevent back flow
What is the urinary bladder?
A collapsible muscular sac
What does the urinary bladder store/repel?
Urine
When empty what does the bladder collapse along?
Folds called rugae
What happens to the bladder when it expands?
It does so without great increase in pressure to approximately 500ml
What is the shape of an empty bladder?
Pyramidal
Where does the bladder lie when empty?
Within the pelvis
What happens to the bladders shape as it fills?
It becomes more spherical
Where does the bladder expands as it fills?
Superiorly into the abdominal cavity
What can we do to the bladder when it is full?
Palpitate it above the pelvic symphysis
