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HUBS 192 > Lecture 6: Arteries and Veins > Flashcards

Lecture 6: Arteries and Veins Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 Components make up the Thoracic Aorta?

A
  • Ascending Aorta
  • Aortic Arch
  • Descending Aorta
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2
Q

After the descending Aorta moves through the diaphragm where does it go?

A

Into the Abdominal Pelvic Cavity

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3
Q

What is the name of the Artery moving through the Abdominal Pelvic Cavity

A

Abdominal Aorta

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4
Q

Where does the Abdominal Aorta extend down to?

A

To the belly button

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5
Q

What happens to the Abdominal Aorta at the level of the belly button?

A

Bifurcation into the left and right common Arteries

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6
Q

What is located next to large supply paths?

A

Deep drainage channels

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7
Q

Following the common iliac Artery what is the next artery blood flows through in the Arterial supply?

A

External iliac Artery

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8
Q

Following the external iliac Artery what is the next artery blood flows through in the Arterial supply?

A

Femoral artery

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9
Q

What cavity does the External iliac artery pass through?

A

The abdominal pelvic cavity

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10
Q

Following the Femoral Artery what is the next artery blood flows through in the Arterial supply?

A

Popliteal artery

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11
Q

Where does the Popliteal artery run?

A

Down the posterior of the knee

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12
Q

Following the Popliteal artery where does blood flow next in the Arterial supply?

A

Posterior tibial supply to the plantar arch

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13
Q

What are some features of the great saphenous vein?

2

A
  • Longest vein in the body

- In the superficial compartment of the Hypodermis

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14
Q

Where is the Posterior tibial vein located?

A

Next to the Posterior tibial artery

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15
Q

Where is the beginning of blood circulating back to the heart from the foot?

A

Plantar venous arch

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16
Q

Following the plantar venous arch where does blood go circulating back to the heart?

A

Posterior tibial vein

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17
Q

Following the Posterior tibial vein where does blood go circulating back to the heart?

A

Popliteal vein

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18
Q

Following the Popliteal vein where does blood go circulating back to the heart?

A

Femoral vein

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19
Q

Following the femoral vein where does blood go circulating back to the heart?

A

External iliac vein

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20
Q

Following the External iliac vein where does blood go circulating back to the heart?

A

Common iliac vein

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21
Q

Following the Common iliac vein how is blood put back into the heart?

A

Through the Inferior vena cava

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22
Q

Where does the Great saphenous vein connect?

A

Femoral vein, deep in the Groin

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23
Q

What are the layers of Blood vessel walls?

3

A
  • Tunica Intima
  • Tunica Media
  • Tunica Adventitia (Externa)
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24
Q

What layer of the Blood vessel wall is the inner most?

A

Tunica Intima

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25
What layer of the Blood vessel wall is the outer most?
Tunica Adventitia (Externa)
26
What parts make up the Tunica Intima? | 3
- Endothelium - Sub-endothelium - Internal Elastic Lamina
27
What are features of the Endothelium? | 2
- Simple squamous epithelium | - Lines the lumen of all vessels
28
What are feature of the Sub-endothelium? | 2
- A sparse pad of loose FCT | - Cushions the endothelium
29
What are features of the Internal Elastic Lamina? | 4
- Condensed sheet of elastic tissue - Well developed in Arteries - Less developed in veins - Forms a barrier between the Tunica Intima/Media
30
What makes up the Tunica Media? | 2
- Smooth muscle | - Connective tissue fibres, mainly elastin and collagen
31
What makes up the connective tissue fibres in the Tunica Media?
Mainly elastin and collagen
32
How is smooth muscle controlled?
Autonomically, non-voluntarily
33
Thickness of Tunica media is proportional to what? | 2
- Vessel diameter | - Blood pressure
34
Why do veins have thinner Tunica media?
Less pressurised blood is flowing through them
35
Why do arteries have thicker Tunica media?
Higher pressurised blood is flowing through them
36
What are features of the Tunica Adventitia (Externa)? | 2
- In larger vessels the adventitia contains Vasa vasorum | - Lymphatics and autonomic nerves are found in this region
37
What is the Tunica Adventitia (Externa) made of?
Loose FCT with high collagen content and variable amounts of elastin
38
What are Vasa vasorum?
Vessels that supply blood to the vessels
39
What does smooth muscle dilating/relaxing do?
Opens the vessel
40
What does smooth muscle contracting/constricting do?
Closes the vessel
41
What maintains tissue in the adventitia?
Fibroblasts
42
What is the difference between Elastic and Muscular arteries?
Elastic arteries have large amounts of elastic tissue in the wall where as Muscular arteries are mainly comprised of smooth muscle
43
What do Arteries branch into?
Arterioles
44
What is lower, Diastolic pressure or Systolic pressure?
Diastolic pressure
45
What are Venules?
Small veins
46
What are Arterioles in terms of the supply network?
The last vessel
47
How is the resistance of blood flow changed in Arterioles?
By changing the tone of smooth muscle in the Tunica Media
48
What is the function of Capillaries?
Site of exchange between blood and tissues
49
What are the smallest veins we have?
Venules
50
What is the start of the drainage/Venous system?
Venules
51
What happens to blood at the capillary bed?
It's velocity/pressure is much lower
52
What prevents the back flow of blood in Venules?
valves
53
What are features of Veins? | 3
- Low pressure, large volume transport system - One-way (unidirectional) flow - Capacitance vessels
54
What is meant by a capacitance vessel?
Extra blood can be stored there
55
What is the shape of Veins? | 3
- Irregular, flattened shape - Large lumen - Thin wall
56
What is the thickest layer of the veins?
Tunica Adventitia
57
What substance is there a lot of in the Tunica Adventitia?
Collagen
58
Why do veins have a greater cross sectional area than arteries?
To move the same volume of blood per second under less pressurised conditions
59
What are deep veins flanked by?
Skeletal muscle
60
What does squeezing skeletal muscle do?
Pushes blood towards the heart
61
What happens to vein valves when veins are dilated?
cusps can no longer meet back together leading to Varicose veins and blood flowing backwards

HUBS 192 (38 decks)

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