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OMM II > Lower Extremity I > Flashcards

Lower Extremity I Flashcards

(79 cards)

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1
Q

Where should you look when you find a SD?

A

area above and below the SD to see what could be causing it

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2
Q

What is the route of the arteries from the aorta, down the leg?

A

Aorta
External/internal iliac
femoral
anterior/posterior tibial

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3
Q

Many of the issues we see involving the lower extremity involve what type of problems?

A

Tracking problems

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of the muscles that have tender points?

A

Those that are strained and inhibited

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5
Q

Treating tender points tends to do what to contracted muscles?

A

Lengthen contracted muscles

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6
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: iliopsoas?

A

postural

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7
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: vastus medialis/laterals?

A

Phasic

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8
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: fibularis

A

phasic

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9
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: glutes

A

Phasic

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10
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: rectus femoris

A

postural

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11
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: tensor fascia lata

A

Postural

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12
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: hamstrings

A

Postural

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13
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: thigh adductors

A

postural

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14
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: piriformis

A

Postural

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15
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: soleus

A

Postural

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16
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: tibialis anterior

A

Phasic

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17
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: gastrocnemius

A

Phasic

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18
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: erector spinae group

A

Postural

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19
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: quadratus lumborum

A

postrual

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20
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: intercostals

A

Postural

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21
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: rectus abdominus

A

Phasic

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22
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: external/interna oblique

A

Phasic

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23
Q

Postural or phasic muscle: transversus abdominus

A

phasic

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24
Q

What is the function of the psoas major/minor and iliacus? A strain in this area produces what?

A

flex and rotate the hip

bends the trunk/lumbar spine to the same side

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25
What is the function of the gluteus maximus?
extends and externally rotates the hip
26
What is the function of the tensor fasciae lata?
Hip joint adduction
27
What is the main function of the piriformis?
external rotation of the hip
28
What is the main function of the gluteus medius/minimus?
abducts the hip
29
What is the function of the adductor longus?
hip joint adduction
30
What is the function of the adductor brevis?
hip joint adduction
31
What is the function of the adductor minimus?
hip joint adduction
32
What is the function of the gracilis?
Hip joint adduction and flexion
33
What is the function of the pectineus?
hip joint adduction
34
What is the function of the obturator externus?
Hip joint adduction
35
What is the function of the sartorius?
Hip joint flexion, abduction, and external rotation
36
What are the four muscles that comprise the quads?
Vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius, and rectus femoris
37
What are the muscles of the hamstrings?
BIceps femoris Semimembranosus Semitendinosus
38
What is the function of the biceps femoris?
Extends the hip joint
39
What is the function of the semimembranosus and the semitendinosus?
Extends the hip joint | Flexes and internally rotates the knee
40
What is the function of the popliteus?
Flexes and internally rotates the knee
41
What are the muscles that are in the lateral compartment of the lower leg?
Fibularis longus Fibularis brevis Fibularis tertius
42
What is the function of the fibularis longus and brevis?
Flexes the talocrural joint
43
What are the two components of the triceps surae?
Soleus | gastroc
44
What is the function of the plantaris?
prevents the compression of the posterior leg muscles during knee flexion
45
What are the connections of the lateral collateral ligament?
lateral femoral condyle to the medial femoral condyle
46
Which collateral ligament attaches to its respective meniscus?
Medial
47
What is the function of the collateral ligaments?
Limit knee rotation
48
What is the function of the ACL?
Prevents hyperextension
49
What is the function of the PCL?
Prevents hyperflexion
50
What menisci are attached to the femur or the tibia?
tibia
51
Which surface of the menisci are vascular: the medial or lateral?
lateral
52
Which are more O shaped, and which is more C shaped: the medial / lateral menisci?
``` Medial = C lateral = O ```
53
What are the components of the talocrural joint?
tibia fibula talus
54
What are the main motions of the talocrural joint?
plantarflexion and dorsiflexion
55
What are the components of the subtalar joint?
Talus and calcaneus
56
What are the main motions of the subtalar joint?
Inversion and eversion
57
What are the main motions of the intermetatarsal joints?
Inversion and eversion
58
What is the membrane that is between the tibia and the fibula?
Interosseous membrane
59
What is the ligament that connects the anterior distal tibia to the anterior distal fibula?
Anterior tibiofibular ligament
60
What is the ligament that connects the posterior distal tibia to the posterior distal fibula?
Posterior tibiofibular ligament
61
What are the four ligaments that comprise the lateral part of the foot?
anterior tibiotalar tibionavicular tibiocalcaneal Posterior tibiotalar
62
What is the main ligament that sits atop the proximal foot?
anterior talofibular ligament
63
With increasing flexion, the dynamic flexion axis moves how?
Upward, and backward
64
Rotation of the tibia relative to the femur may occur with the knee (___)?
Flexed to 90 degrees
65
What are the two muscles that are responsible for producing internal tibial rotation?
semimembranosus | Semitendinosus
66
What is the muscle the produces external tibial rotation?
Biceps femoris
67
What is the "screw home" motion of the knee?
external rotation of the tibia on the femur
68
The knee is most stable when?
When locked into extension, or closed packed position
69
Full extension of the knee is unlocked by which muscle?
Popliteus
70
Medial force applied to the lateral aspect of the knee joint produce what force?
Valgus | passive abduction
71
Lateral force applied to the medial aspect of the knee joint produce what force?
``` Varus force (passive adduction) ```
72
What way does the patella move with extension?
Superiorly
73
What way does the patella move with flexion?
Inferiorly
74
True or false: muscle strains are significant SD
True
75
What are the effects of a right soleus strain?
Limited dorsiflexion of the right ankle Right knee pain
76
What are the effects of right hamstrings strain?
Right leg is functionally short R sacral base is lowered
77
What should you do if you cannot effectively treat a tender point? (2)
Search for another, more painful point in the same muscle Look for a shortened muscles on the opposite side of the bod
78
Where will you be able to visualize tender points?
Based on twists and turns of the muscles strained
79
The (farther/closer) a joint is from the center of the body, the more prone it is to injury
Farther

OMM II (43 decks)

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