LRA-225 Week 2 facial bone anatomy Flashcards
(96 cards)
1
Q
which 2 facial bones are unpaired from the skull?
A
vomer and mandible
2
Q
how many facial bones are in the skull?
A
14
3
Q
how many maxillae bones are in the skull?
A
2
4
Q
how many zygomatic bones are there in the skull?
A
2
5
Q
how many lacrimal bones are in the skull?
A
2
6
Q
how many nasal bones are in the skull?
A
2
7
Q
how many inferior nasal concha bones are in the skull?
A
2
8
Q
how many palatine bones are in the skull?
A
2
9
Q
how many vomer bones are in the skull?
A
1
10
Q
how many mandible bones are in the skull?
A
1
11
Q
what is the largest immovable facial bone?
A
maxillary bone
12
Q
what is the largest movable facial bone?
A
mandible
13
Q
where do the maxillary bones unite?
A
midline below the nasal septum
14
Q
what 3 cavities does the maxilla form?
A
- mouth
- nasal cavity
- orbit
15
Q
what are the 4 processes of the maxilla?
A
- frontal process
- zygomatic process
- alveolar process
- palatine process
16
Q
what other structure does the maxillary bone have aside from the processes?
A
body
17
Q
define acanthion
A
landmark where the nose and upper lip meet
18
Q
define maxillary sinus
A
- an air filled cavity in each body of the maxilla
19
Q
in what view can you see the palatine process?
A
inferior view of the maxilla
20
Q
what structure is located on the anterior portion of the roof of the mouth?
A
- hard/bony palate
21
Q
what type of joint are the 2 palatine processes?
A
synarthrodial joint/immovable
22
Q
define cleft palate
A
congenital defect opening between the palatine processes that is caused by incomplete joining of the 2 bones
23
Q
what bone forms the posterior part of the hard palate?
A
the horizontal portion of the palatine bones
24
Q
what 2 cranial bones does the maxilla articulate with?
A
frontal and ethmoid
25
what 7 facial bones does the maxilla articulate with?
- zygoma
- lacrimal
- nasal
- palatine
- inferior nasal concha
- vomer
- adjacent maxilla
26
what bone forms the prominence of the cheeks and make up the lower outer portion of the orbits?
zygomatic bones
27
define zygomatic arch
a delicate structure that sometimes is fractured or "caved in" by a blow to the cheek
28
what bone projects posteriorly from the zygoma that connects with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone
zygomatic arch
29
what 3 cranial bones does the zygoma articulate with?
- frontal
- sphenoid
- temporal
30
what facial bone does the zygoma articulate with?
maxilla
31
what facial bones are the tinniest and most fragile?
lacrimal and nasal bones
32
what's the origin of the term lacrimal
- "tear"
33
true or false: Much of the nose is made up of cartilage, and only the two nasal bones form the bridge of the nose.
true
34
what 2 cranial bones does the lacrimal bone articulate with?
frontal and ethmoid
35
what 2 facial bones does the lacrimal bone articulate with?
maxilla and inferior nasal concha
36
what 2 cranial bones does the nasal articulate with?
frontal and ethmoid
37
what 2 facial bones does the nasal articulate with?
maxilla and adjacent nasal bone
38
what two bones project from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity on each side and extend medially?
inferior nasal conchae/turbinates
39
what are the 3 parts of the nasal conchae
- superior
- middle
- inferior
40
what is the purpose of the three nasal conchae?
- to divide the nasal cavity into various compartments
- break up or mix the flow of air coming into the nasal cavities before it reaches the lungs.
41
the superior and middle nasal concha are part of the ____ bone
ethmoid
42
the inferior nasal concha are separate _____ bones
facial
43
what structures in the ethmoid bone separate the cranium from the facial bones?
- cribriform plate
- crista galli
44
what shape is the palatine bone?
L shaped
45
what cranial bone does the inferior nasal conchae articulate with?
ethmoid
46
what 3 facial bones does the inferior nasal conchae articulate with?
- maxilla
- lacrimal
- palatine
47
what 2 cranial bones does the palatine articulate with?
sphenoid and ethmoid
48
what 4 facial bones does the palatine articulate with?
- maxilla
- inferior nasal conchae
- vomer
- adjacent palatine
49
what 2 bones forms the nasal septum?
ehtmoid and vomer
50
define nasion
the point of junction of the two nasal bones with the frontal bone
51
what bone is a thin, triangular bone that forms the inferoposterior part of the nasal septum
vomer
52
what does the term vomer mean?
"plowshare"
53
true or false: A severe deviation can entirely block the nasal passageway, making breathing through the nose impossible.
true
54
what 2 cranial bones articulate with the vomer?
sphenoid and ethmoid
55
what 2 bones (cranial and facial) does the vomer articulate with?
- right parietal bones
- left parietal bone
- right maxillae
- left maxilllae
56
what cartilage does the vomer articulate with?
septal cartilage
57
during childhood, how many bones make up the mandible?
2
58
during adulthood, how many bones make up the mandible?
1
59
what are the 2 parts of the mandible?
body and ramus
60
what process, or ridge, extends along the entire superior portion of the body of the mandible.
alveolar process
61
what is the union called where bodies of the mandible meet?
symphysis/symphysis menti
62
what is the term of the chin that sticks outward?
mental protuberance
63
what passes through the mental foramen?
passageway for the mental artery, vein, and mental nerve
64
is the coronoid process anterior or posterior to the mandibular notch?
anterior
65
is the condyloid process anterior or posterior to the mandibular notch?
posterior
66
the condyle of the condyloid process fits into the TM fossa to form what joint?
TMJ joint
67
what is the only movable joint in the skull?
TMJ joint
68
what is the classification of the TMJ joint?
synovial
69
what type of movement is the TMJ joint?
- hinge and gliding movement
- bicondylar joint
70
what are the 2 types of fibrous joints located in the skull aside from the TMJ?
- sutures
- roots of the teeth and alveolar process of the maxillae and mandible
71
how does the condyle in the mandible move when the mouth is opened?
moves forward to the front edge of the fossa
72
what is the classification of the alveoli and roots of tooth?
fibrous
73
what is the subclass of the alveoli and roots of tooth?
gomphosis
74
define paranasal sinuses
- large air filled cavities
- also called accessory nasal sinuses
75
how many paranasal sinuses does the maxillary bone have?
2
76
how many paranasal sinuses does the frontal bone have?
2
77
how many paranasal sinuses does the ethmoid bone have?
several
78
how many paranasal sinuses does the sphenoid have?
1 or 2
79
what cavities are formed by the facial bones?
- mouth
- nasal
- orbits
80
what structures do the orbits contain?
- vital organs of sight
- nerves
- blood vessels
81
what shape are the orbits?
cone-shaped
82
define the base of the orbit
- rim of the orbit
- outer circular potion of the bone
83
is the base of the orbit a circle?
no
84
define the apex of the orbit
- posterior portion of the cone
- houses the optic foramen (where nerves pass through)
85
how can we view the optic foramen?
extend the patient’s chin by 30° and to rotate the head 37°
86
how many bones are the orbits composed of?
7 bones
- 3 cranial
- 4 facial
87
what are the 3 cranial bones that create the orbits?
- frontal
- sphenoid
- ethmoid
88
what are the 4 facial bones that create the orbits?
- maxilla
- zygoma
- lacrimal
- palatine
89
how many holes/openings does the orbit have?
3
90
list the three holes/openings in the orbit
- optic foramen
- superior orbital fissure
- inferior orbital fissure
91
what is the purpose of the holes in the orbits
provide passage for specific cranial nerves
92
what nerve does the optic foramen allow passageway?
CN ll
93
what nerve does the superior orbital fissure allow passageway?
CN lll - CN Vl
94
what nerve does the inferior orbital fissure allow passageway?
CN V
95
what is the name of the small root of bone that separates the superior orbital fissure from the optic canal
sphenoid strut
96
