Muscle Tissue and Organization Flashcards
(54 cards)
excitability
it responds to electrical stimuli
contractability
contracts to move bones or propel materials inside the body
elasticity
the muscle cell will recoil to its resting length when the applied tension is removed
extensibility
muscle cell is capable of extending in length in response to the contraction of opposing muscle cells
hypertrophy
an increase in muscle fiber size, often following regular excercise
sphincters
circular muscle bands at openings of the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts
Orifices
openings of the gastrointestinal urinary tracts
Tendon
connective tissue layers merging to form a cordlike structure that attaches muscle to bone
aponeurosis
thin, flattened sheet of tendon.
Origin
less movable attachment site of muscle
insertion
more moveable attachment site of muscle
tendonitis
inflammation of either a tendon or a synovial sheath around a tendon
What controls skeletal muscles
the somatic nervous system
Motor neurons
efferent neurons. travel from the CNS to the muscle fibers
sensory neurons
Afferent neurons. Travel to the CNS reporting activity of the muscles
fascicles
bundle of muscle fibers
circular muscles
fibers concentrically arranged around an opening or recess
Another name for circular muscle
sphincter
Parallel muscles
fascicles run parallel to its long axis
Convergent muscles
widespread muscle fibers that converge on a common attachment site
pennate muscles
tendons and muscle fibers resemble a large feather.
unipennate muscle
all the muscle fibers are on the same side of the tendon
Bipennate muscle
muscle fibers are on both sides of the tendon
Multipennate muscle
the tendon branches within the muscle
