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Personality Psychology > ~~~ psychoanalytic QUIZ > Flashcards

~~~ psychoanalytic QUIZ Flashcards

1
Q

A central theme underlying psychoanalysis (and which gives rise to the name of the
theory) is that personality:

a. is a set of processes always in motion.
b. processes always work together.
c. reflects the fact that humans are not like other animals.
d. all of the above

A

a. is a set of processes always in motion.

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2
Q

According to Freud the mind consists of _________ regions.
a. three
b. four
c. six
d. two

A

a. three

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3
Q

Which of the following is true about the preconscious?
a. It encompasses all inherited, instinctive aspects of personality.
b. It is not directly accessible to awareness.
c. It is the repository for unacceptable feelings and urges.
d. It is the part of the mind representing ordinary memory.

A

d. It is the part of the mind representing ordinary memory.

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4
Q

According to Freud, unacceptable urges, feelings, and ideas reside in the:
a. conscious.
b. preconscious.
c. unconscious.
d. libido.

A

c. unconscious.

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5
Q

In Freud’s “iceberg” analogy, the _________ represents the tip of the
iceberg.
a. libido
b. conscious
c. unconscious
d. ego

A

b. conscious

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6
Q

According to Freud, the _________ is where the core operations of personality
take place.
a. conscious
b. preconscious
c. unconscious
d. libido

A

c. unconscious

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7
Q

Research on delay of gratification has found that delay can be enhanced if the:

a. desired object is placed in front of the child.
b. child engages in distraction techniques.
c. child is punished for touching the desired object.
d. child focuses on the desired reward.

A

b. child engages in distraction techniques.

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8
Q

An ability to delay gratification has been correlated with:

a. certain aspects of intelligence.
b. concern for achievement.
c. concern for social responsibility.
d. all of the above

A

d. all of the above

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9
Q

Inability to delay gratification has been correlated with:

a. concern about achievement.
b. greater satisfaction of urges.
c. use of marijuana in high school students.
d. all of the above

A

c. use of marijuana in high school students

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10
Q

_________ plays a role in the development of criminal behavior.

a. Failure to successfully reach the genital stage of development
b. Failure to resolve the Oedipal complex
c. Inability to delay gratification
d. Conflict between the pleasure and reality principles

A

c. Inability to delay gratification

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11
Q

According to research on delay of gratification in children, it is related to
________in boys and _________ in girls.

a. ability to control emotional impulses, ability to concentrate
b. ability to concentrate, ability to control emotional impulses
c. ability to concentrate, intelligence
d. resourcefulness, intelligence

A

c. ability to concentrate, intelligence

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12
Q

The idea that the purpose of life is the immediate satisfaction of one’s needs is known as the:
a. pleasure principle.
b. reality principle.
c. gratification principle.
d. none of the above

A

a. pleasure principle.

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13
Q

Wish fulfillment is a product of:

a. the primary process.
b. the ego.
c. reflex actions.
d. the superego.

A

a. the primary process.

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14
Q

The purpose of the ego is to ensure that:

a. tension is reduced immediately.
b. parental and societal values are followed.
c. instinctual drives are expressed appropriately.
d. all of the above

A

c. instinctual drives are expressed appropriately.

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15
Q

According to Freud, the id operates by _________, while the ego operates by
_________.

a. secondary process, primary process
b. primary process, secondary process
c. reality, secondary process
d. pleasure, primary process

A

b. primary process, secondary process

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16
Q

The ego’s attempt to find a match between the image of a tension-reducing object
and a real perception of that object is known as:

a. primary process.
b. secondary process.
c. ego search.
d. none of the above

A

b. secondary process.

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17
Q

This part of the mind is thought to have an “executive” role in personality.

a. id
b. ego
c. superego
d. preconscious

A

b. ego

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18
Q

The superego is:
a. essentially unconcerned with morality.
b. the first structural component of the mind to develop.
c. the embodiment of parental and societal values.
d. a narcissistic personality disorder

A

c. the embodiment of parental and societal values.

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19
Q

The process of absorbing societal/parental values is called:
a. sublimation.
b. introjection.
c. introspection.
d. projection.

A

b. introjection.

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20
Q

The functions of the superego include:
a. inhibiting id impulses.
b. compelling the ego to act morally.
c. guiding one toward absolute perfection.
d. all of the above

A

d. all of the above

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21
Q

According to Bettelheim, Freud purposely did not correct English translations of his work because:

a. he thought Americans were too unsophisticated to fully appreciate his ideas.
b. he opposed the U.S. medical establishment’s intent to medicalize psychoanalysis.
c. he was confident his ideas would be understood correctly after his death.
d. all of the above

A

b. he opposed the U.S. medical establishment’s intent to medicalize psychoanalysis.

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22
Q

According to Bruno Bettelheim, Freud reacted to American misunderstandings
of his work by:

a. trying unsuccessfully to correct them.
b. trying successfully to correct them.
c. ignoring them.
d. repressing the urge to correct them.

A

c. ignoring them.

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23
Q

The ability to effectively handle the demands of the id, the superego, and external
reality is known as:
a. delaying gratification.
b. ego ideal.
c. ego strength.
d. sublimation.

A

c. ego strength

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24
Q

According to Freud, the best personality is one that is dominated by the:
a. ego.
b. id.
c. super-ego.
d. none of the above

A

d. none of the above

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25
Q

Drives:
a. are a combination of biological need and psychological representation.
b. operate intermittently.
c. become weaker when we prevent their expression.
d. all of the above

A

a. are a combination of biological need and psychological representation.

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26
Q

Freud used the term _________ to refer to the psychic energy of the life
instincts.
a. libido
b. hedonistic power
c. Thanatos
d. none of the above

A

a. libido

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27
Q

The term Thanatos refers to:
a. sexual instincts.
b. life instincts.
c. death instincts.
d. pain avoidance instincts.

A

c. death instincts.

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28
Q

Apoptosis refers to:
a. the reversing of an anticathexis.
b. displacement involving inanimate objects.
c. gene-directed suicide.
d. none of the above

A

c. gene-directed suicide.

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29
Q

The release of emotional tension is known as:
a. displacement.
b. catharsis.
c. sublimation.
d. introjection.

A

b. catharsis.

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30
Q

The process of preventing an idea or impulse from becoming conscious is known as:
a. catharsis.
b. repression.
c. cathexis.
d. displacement.

A

b. repression.

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31
Q

Which defense mechanism works by ascribing one’s own undesirable qualities to
others?
a. denial.
b. projection.
c. sublimation.
d. rationalization

A

b. projection.

32
Q

Which of the following is an example of displacement?
a. A person who fails an exam yells at a roommate upon arriving at home.
b. A person diagnosed with cancer refuses to believe the diagnosis.
c. A person with aggressive sexual fantasies volunteers at a rape crisis center.
d. A person who cheated on an exam justifies it by saying that everyone else cheats.

A

a. A person who fails an exam yells at a roommate upon arriving at home.

33
Q

The shifting of energy from a socially unacceptable action to a socially acceptable
action is known as:
a. displacement.
b. sublimation.
c. cathexis.
d. suppression.

A

b. sublimation.

34
Q

According to Freud, which defense mechanism reflects maturity?
a. sublimation
b. displacement
c. altruism
d. anticathexis

A

a. sublimation

35
Q

According to Freud, each sexual drive is associated with a(n):
a. particular forbidden behavior.
b. erogenous zone.
c. life instinct.
d. oral fixation.

A

b. erogenous zone.

36
Q

According to Freud, adult personality is primarily determined by:
a. experiences in adulthood.
b. experiences in childhood.
c. innate differences.
d. difficulties of self-worth.

A

b. experiences in childhood.

37
Q

Permanently investing an excessive amount of libido in a particular stage of
psychosexual development is called:
a. regression.
b. repression.
c. fixation.
d. retroaction.

A

c. fixation.

38
Q

Optimism, trust, and dependency are associated with which psychosexual stage?
a. oral incorporative stage
b. oral sadistic stage
c. anal retentive stage
d. anal expulsive stage

A

a. oral incorporative stage

39
Q

Which of the following is NOT true about people who score high in oral imagery?

a. They are reluctant to volunteer for interpersonal tasks.
b. They rely on others’ judgments in ambiguous tasks.
c. They use more physical contact during social interactions.
d. They have greater physiological reactivity to social isolation.

A

a. They are reluctant to volunteer for interpersonal tasks.

40
Q

Orality is thought to be related to:
a. less self-disclosure.
b. need to nurture others.
c. reluctance to volunteer for interpersonal tasks.
d. all of the above

A

b. need to nurture others.

41
Q

The desire on the part of boys to possess their mothers and replace their fathers is
termed:
a. Oedipal displacement.
b. repressive sublimation.
c. the Electra complex.
d. the Oedipus complex.

A

d. the Oedipus complex.

42
Q

Penis envy is the counterpart of:

a. repression.
b. castration anxiety.
c. anitcathexis.
d. ego-ideal.
e. anal fixation.

A

b. castration anxiety.

43
Q

Among men, fixations that develop during the phallic stage may result in:
a. seducing as many women as possible.
b. career failure.
c. fathering many children.
d. all of the above

A

d. all of the above

44
Q

The latency period is characterized by:

a. a period of relative calm.
b. narcissistic sexual attachments.
c. battles over toilet training.
d. none of the above

A

a. a period of relative calm.

45
Q

Puberty begins during which psychosexual stage?
a. genital stage
b. latency period
c. phallic stage
d. none of the above

A

b. latency period

46
Q

Successful negotiation of the genital stage is marked by:

a. guilt-free autoeroticism.

b. the ability to use one’s own narcissism in a constructive way.

c. the ability to share with others, and to be concerned with their welfare.

d. none of the above

A

c. the ability to share with others, and to be concerned with their welfare.

47
Q

Mental errors that reflect unconscious desires are called:

a. concealers.
b. parapraxes.
c. displacers.
d. anapraxes.

A

b. parapraxes.

48
Q

Freud believed that latent dream content derives from:

a. nocturnal sensory stimulation.
b. current concerns of waking life.
c. repressed id impulses.
d. all of the above

A

d. all of the above

49
Q

All projective tests:

a. involve stimuli for which there are no prescribed ways to respond.
b. involve the construction of stories.
c. require the choice of a preferred stimulus.
d. rely on objective scoring methods.

A

a. involve stimuli for which there are no prescribed ways to respond.

50
Q

When analyzing the Rorschach, examiners are concerned with all of the following
aspects of response EXCEPT:

a. location.
b. length.
c. determinants.
d. content.

A

b. length.

51
Q

In Freud’s view, unconscious material emerges through free association in a:

a. literal form.

b. symbolic form.

c. repressed form.

d. sexual form.

A

b. symbolic form.

52
Q

Resistance:
a. can occur both consciously and unconsciously.
b. is the struggle against becoming aware of repressed impulses.
c. is often a sign that a person is close to revealing something important.
d. all of the above

A

d. all of the above

53
Q

According to psychoanalytic therapy, _________ is a set of displacements.
a. reaction formation
b. behavior change
c. resistance
d. transference

A

d. transference

54
Q

Which of the following statements may be made about psychoanalytic therapy?

a. It is brief and applicable to all types of psychological dysfunction.

b. Freud was exceptionally optimistic about its use.

c. Eysenck proved it was more effective than no therapy at all.

d. It is difficult to establish its efficacy because of the subjective nature of its goals

A

d. It is difficult to establish its efficacy because of the subjective nature of its goals

55
Q

Which of the following is NOT a valid criticism of psychoanalytic theory?

a. The theory of defense mechanisms is so flexible that it can be reconciled withany finding.

b. It is difficult to know when to read Freud literally vs. metaphorically.

c. It fails to mix inference with fact.

d. Many of Freud’s concepts are unmeasureable.

A

c. It fails to mix inference with fact.

56
Q

according to Freud, people are complex energy systems and this energy is used in psychological work and released through biological processes, what do these biological processes operate via

A) consciousness

B) reality testing

C) death instincts

D) Id

A

D) Id

57
Q

the biological processes that release energy within people have been called what

A) self control and reality testing

B) drives and urges

C) impulses and tension

D) instinct and drive

A

D) instinct and drive

58
Q

Freud contended that all drives form two classes, what are these two classes

A) self control and ego ideal

B) life and death instinct

C) impulses and tension

D) id and ego

A

B) life and death instinct

59
Q

what are the two subsystems of the superego

A) ego ideal and consciousness

B) life and death instinct

C) impulses and tension

D) id and ego

A

A) ego ideal and consciousness

60
Q

if a drive isn’t released, the pressure remained and gradually builds up, what occurs when the build up of energy is so great that it can longer be restrained

A) self destruction

B) self control

C) reality testing

D) catharsis

A

D) catharsis

61
Q

when does catharsis occur

A) the capacity for realistic thought

B) when a drive cannot be restrained any longer

C) taking in account external reality along with internal needs and urges

D) when one takes in or incorporates vales of parents and society

A

B) when a drive cannot be restrained any longer

62
Q

what does catharsis refer to

A) the capacity for realistic thought

B) the release of emotional tension in response to inability to restrain the build up of a drive

C) taking in account external reality along with internal needs and urges

D) when one takes in or incorporates vales of parents and society

A

B) the release of emotional tension in response to inability to restrain the build up of a drive

63
Q

what does introjection refer to

A) the capacity for realistic thought

B) a release of impulses when a drive cannot be restrained any longer

C) taking in account external reality along with internal needs and urges

D) when one takes in or incorporates vales of parents and society

A

D) when one takes in or incorporates vales of parents and society

64
Q

what is the source of intellectual processes and problem solving

A) death instincts and life instincts

B) the id and the ego

C) primary process thought and reality testing

D) reality principle and secondary process thought

A

D) reality principle and secondary process thought

65
Q

what does the reality principle refer to

A) the capacity for realistic thought

B) a release of impulses when a drive cannot be restrained any longer

C) taking in account external reality along with internal needs and urges

D) when one takes in or incorporates vales of parents and society

A

C) taking in account external reality along with internal needs and urges

66
Q

reality testing refers to the capacity for realistic thought that allows the _____ to form plans of action to satisfy needs

A) superego

B) ego

C) introjection

D) id

A

B) ego

67
Q

what structural model of personality operates at all three levels of consciousness

A) superego

B) ego

C) introjection

D) id

A

A) superego

68
Q

reality anxiety from the psychoanalytic perspective arises from

A) irrational thoughts and beliefs

B) a moral sense

C) fear of punishment

D) dangers in the real world

A

D) dangers in the real world

69
Q

when distinguishing between reality anxiety and neurotic anxiety

A) reality anxiety is exclusively based on external factors, while neurotic anxiety is solely internal

B) reality anxiety is rooted in what one thinks they should do, while neurotic anxiety is rooted from real world fears

C) both reality anxiety and neurotic anxiety are solely internal in origin

D) reality anxiety and neurotic anxiety are synonymous and interchangeable terms

A

A) reality anxiety is exclusively based on external factors, while neurotic anxiety is solely internal

70
Q

You experience this when you realize you’re about to be bitten by a dog

A) generalised anxiety

B) moral anxiety

C) neurotic anxiety

D) reality anxiety

A

D) reality anxiety

71
Q

if your principle sense forbids having sex before marriage and you’re just about to have sex, you experience

A) generalised anxiety

B) moral anxiety

C) neurotic anxiety

D) reality anxiety

A

B) moral anxiety

72
Q

Moral anxiety is felt as

A) danger

B) fear

C) dread

D) guilt or shame.

A

D) guilt or shame.

73
Q

neurotic anxiety is felt as

A) danger

B) fear

C) dread

D) guilt or shame.

A

B) fear

74
Q

reality anxiety is felt as

A) danger

B) fear

C) dread

D) guilt or shame.

A

A) danger

75
Q

neurotic anxiety is rooted from

A) ego delays of discharge

B) superego moral standards

C) self control

D) id urges

A

D) id urges

76
Q

fear of the punishment that will result from expressing id impulses

A) generalised anxiety

B) moral anxiety

C) neurotic anxiety

D) reality anxiety

A

C) neurotic anxiety

77
Q

the ego responds to anxiety in two ways

A) avoidance and facing fears

B) resistance and submission

C) problem-orientation and defense mechanisms

D) acceptance and passivity

A

C) problem-orientation and defense mechanisms

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