RAAS Medications - RM Flashcards
What does RAAS stand for?
Renin - Angiotensin - Aldosterone System
When is the RAAS activated?
When the body is hypovolemic (e.g., shock, MI, blood loss)
*because when activated, aldosterone is released causing the retention of sodium and water, which is needed during a hypovolemic situation
Angiotensinogen is a substrate secreted by the ______.
Liver
Renin is an enzyme secreted by the _______.
Kidneys
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) is secreted by the _____ and converts ______ to _____.
Lungs & kidneys
Angiotensin-I
Angiotensin-II
When is aldosterone secreted?
It is a steroid made in the adrenal cortex (“-one” = steroid).
Secreted when Na+ is low or K+ is high.
How does aldosterone raise BP?
It causes the kidneys to retain Na+ and water…because water always follows Na+!
What is the MOA of an ACE inhibitor?
(Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor)
Stops the conversion of Ang-1 to Ang-2 interrupting the pathway so aldosterone is never produced
What is the MOA of an ARB?
(Angiotensin-II Receptor Blocker)
Prevents the stimulation/release of aldosterone
What suffix goes with ACE inhibitors?
-pril
What suffix goes with ARBs?
-sartan
What are the therapeutic effects of ACE inhibitors & ARBs?
- decreased blood volume
- vasodilation (because angiotensin II causes vasoconstriction and angiotensin II is blocked with the ACE and ARBs)
- cardioprotection
Which conditions are RAAS meds best at treating?
- HTN
- HF
- LVD
- Acute MI
- Diabetic & non-diabetic neuropathy
- CAD
- CVD
How can ACE inhibitors help provide cardioprotection?
prevent MI, stroke, and death
What are the 4 major ACE inhibitors?
- lisinopril…most common!
- lisinopril/HCTZ
- enalapril
- ramipril
