Test 3 - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors (Josh) Flashcards

(33 cards)

1
Q

What do ribosomes do?

A

they synthesize proteins inside cells

if ribosomes don’t work, you can’t make proteins and cell will die

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the MOA of Protein Synthesis Inhibitors?

A

They bind to ribosomes in bacteria and prevent them from working

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which Protein Synthesis Inhibitors are Bacteriostatic?

A
  • Tetracyclines (-cycline)
  • Macrolides
  • Clindamycin
  • Linezolid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which Protein Synthesis Inhibitors are Bacteriocidal?

A

Aminoglycosides

don’t mix w/ furosemide or ASA b/c ototoxic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are common uses for Tetracyclines (-cycline)?

A
  • Unique infections (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, Cholera, Lime Disease, Anthrax)
  • Acne
  • Peptic Ulcer Disease (H. pylori)
  • Periodontal Disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tetracyclines have interactions with foods rich in what?

A

CAMIZ

  • Calcium
  • Aluminum
  • Magnesium
  • Iron
  • Zinc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Calcium supplements, Iron supplements, Milk of Magnesia, & Antacids w/ calcium and aluminum and zinc would be bad with which antibiotic?

A

Tetracylcine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Who should not take tetracycline due to their effect on teeth discoloration?

A

Tetracycline bind to calcium and prevent it’s absorption, causing teeth and bones to look grey

it is contraindicated for children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Adverse effects of tetracycline?

A
  • Teeth discoloration
  • Esophageal irritation
  • Photosensitivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Erythromycin is which class of Protein Synthesis Inhibitors? What is it given to clients who do not have an infection?

A

Erythromycin is a Macrolide

It will increase gastric motility for those w/ gastroparesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Common uses for Macrolides?

A
  • Upper respiratory tract infections
  • Lower respiratory tract infections (pneumonia)
  • Increasing gastric motility (erythromycin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Adverse effects of Macrolides?

A
  • GI upset
  • Distorted (Metallic) taste [Mac computer is metal]
  • CYP interactions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which Macrolide is especially a concern for metallic taste and CYP interactions?

A

clarithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which Protein Synthesis Inhibitor is extremely common and has a strong gram+ activity?

A

Clindamycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which Protein Synthesis Inhibitor absorbs very well and is useful for joint and tendon infection?

A

Clindamycin

aCL pain w/ CLindamycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Does Clindamycin cross the BBB?

A

NO

Not good for meningitis

17
Q

Major adverse effect of Clindamycin?

A

C. diff

CLaustridium difficult w/ CLindamycin

18
Q

Which Protein Synthesis Inhibitor kills resistant organisms like MRSA & Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus (VRE)?

A

Linezolid

  • gram+ activity
  • expensive ($100/pill)
19
Q

Which Protein Synthesis Inhibitor is a MAOI?

A

Linezolid

Avoid Tyramine

20
Q

What foods are rich in Tyramine?

A

Aged foods

  • Aged cheese
  • Aged meats
  • Fava beans
  • Chianti wine
  • Banana bread
21
Q

What should we avoid w/ Linezolid?

A
Tyramine foods
SSRI
SNRI
TCA
MAOI
OTC cold meds
sumatriptan
22
Q

When using Linezolid long term, what could happen?

A
  • Lactic acidosis
  • Optic neurotics, peripheral neuropathy
  • Bone marrow suppression
23
Q

Aminoglycosides are —–

A

bactericidal

  • they are also nephrotoxic and ototoxic
24
Q

Aminoglycosides synergize well w/ ——.

A

Beta-Lactams

BL’s break down the cross links allowing aminoglycosides to go in and bind to ribosomes

25
Is the ototoxic effects of Aminoglycosides reversible?
NO
26
Why take an Aminoglycoside Qday instead of Q4hr or Q6hr?
It is safer b/c more of the drug is in the 'washout zone' which gives ears a break
27
Which two meds can treat C. diff?
metronidazole vancomycin
28
Why can Linezolid be both expensive and a good value?
expense b/c it costs $100/pill Good value b/c if it works like it should, it will decrease your hospital stay (which costs much more than $100)
29
Which two particular difficult infections are effectively treated by Linezolid?
VRE (Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus) MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus)
30
Why can you not infuse Penicillin (-cillin) and Aminoglycosides together?
Penicillin will deactivate the Aminoglycosides They can be taken at the same time, but not through same IV
31
When is the best time to draw a drug trough level for Aminoglycosides?
30 minutes before the next dose b/c you want to confirm it is in the washout zone
32
Early signs of ototoxicity w/ Aminoglycosides?
Tinnitus
33
Early signs of nephrotoxicity w/ Aminoglycosides?
proteinuria dilute urine Elevated BUN Elevated Serum Creatinine