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Pharm II > Test 3 - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors (Josh) > Flashcards

Test 3 - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors (Josh) Flashcards

1
Q

What do ribosomes do?

A

they synthesize proteins inside cells

if ribosomes don’t work, you can’t make proteins and cell will die

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2
Q

What is the MOA of Protein Synthesis Inhibitors?

A

They bind to ribosomes in bacteria and prevent them from working

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3
Q

Which Protein Synthesis Inhibitors are Bacteriostatic?

A
  • Tetracyclines (-cycline)
  • Macrolides
  • Clindamycin
  • Linezolid
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4
Q

Which Protein Synthesis Inhibitors are Bacteriocidal?

A

Aminoglycosides

don’t mix w/ furosemide or ASA b/c ototoxic

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5
Q

What are common uses for Tetracyclines (-cycline)?

A
  • Unique infections (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, Cholera, Lime Disease, Anthrax)
  • Acne
  • Peptic Ulcer Disease (H. pylori)
  • Periodontal Disease
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6
Q

Tetracyclines have interactions with foods rich in what?

A

CAMIZ

  • Calcium
  • Aluminum
  • Magnesium
  • Iron
  • Zinc
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7
Q

Calcium supplements, Iron supplements, Milk of Magnesia, & Antacids w/ calcium and aluminum and zinc would be bad with which antibiotic?

A

Tetracylcine

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8
Q

Who should not take tetracycline due to their effect on teeth discoloration?

A

Tetracycline bind to calcium and prevent it’s absorption, causing teeth and bones to look grey

it is contraindicated for children

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9
Q

Adverse effects of tetracycline?

A
  • Teeth discoloration
  • Esophageal irritation
  • Photosensitivity
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10
Q

Erythromycin is which class of Protein Synthesis Inhibitors? What is it given to clients who do not have an infection?

A

Erythromycin is a Macrolide

It will increase gastric motility for those w/ gastroparesis

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11
Q

Common uses for Macrolides?

A
  • Upper respiratory tract infections
  • Lower respiratory tract infections (pneumonia)
  • Increasing gastric motility (erythromycin)
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12
Q

Adverse effects of Macrolides?

A
  • GI upset
  • Distorted (Metallic) taste [Mac computer is metal]
  • CYP interactions
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13
Q

Which Macrolide is especially a concern for metallic taste and CYP interactions?

A

clarithromycin

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14
Q

Which Protein Synthesis Inhibitor is extremely common and has a strong gram+ activity?

A

Clindamycin

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15
Q

Which Protein Synthesis Inhibitor absorbs very well and is useful for joint and tendon infection?

A

Clindamycin

aCL pain w/ CLindamycin

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16
Q

Does Clindamycin cross the BBB?

A

NO

Not good for meningitis

17
Q

Major adverse effect of Clindamycin?

A

C. diff

CLaustridium difficult w/ CLindamycin

18
Q

Which Protein Synthesis Inhibitor kills resistant organisms like MRSA & Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus (VRE)?

A

Linezolid

  • gram+ activity
  • expensive ($100/pill)
19
Q

Which Protein Synthesis Inhibitor is a MAOI?

A

Linezolid

Avoid Tyramine

20
Q

What foods are rich in Tyramine?

A

Aged foods

  • Aged cheese
  • Aged meats
  • Fava beans
  • Chianti wine
  • Banana bread
21
Q

What should we avoid w/ Linezolid?

A 
Tyramine foods
SSRI
SNRI
TCA
MAOI
OTC cold meds
sumatriptan
22
Q

When using Linezolid long term, what could happen?

A
  • Lactic acidosis
  • Optic neurotics, peripheral neuropathy
  • Bone marrow suppression
23
Q

Aminoglycosides are —–

A

bactericidal

  • they are also nephrotoxic and ototoxic
24
Q

Aminoglycosides synergize well w/ ——.

A

Beta-Lactams

BL’s break down the cross links allowing aminoglycosides to go in and bind to ribosomes

25
Q

Is the ototoxic effects of Aminoglycosides reversible?

A

NO

26
Q

Why take an Aminoglycoside Qday instead of Q4hr or Q6hr?

A

It is safer b/c more of the drug is in the ‘washout zone’ which gives ears a break

27
Q

Which two meds can treat C. diff?

A

metronidazole

vancomycin

28
Q

Why can Linezolid be both expensive and a good value?

A

expense b/c it costs $100/pill

Good value b/c if it works like it should, it will decrease your hospital stay (which costs much more than $100)

29
Q

Which two particular difficult infections are effectively treated by Linezolid?

A

VRE (Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus)

MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus)

30
Q

Why can you not infuse Penicillin (-cillin) and Aminoglycosides together?

A

Penicillin will deactivate the Aminoglycosides

They can be taken at the same time, but not through same IV

31
Q

When is the best time to draw a drug trough level for Aminoglycosides?

A

30 minutes before the next dose b/c you want to confirm it is in the washout zone

32
Q

Early signs of ototoxicity w/ Aminoglycosides?

A

Tinnitus

33
Q

Early signs of nephrotoxicity w/ Aminoglycosides?

A

proteinuria
dilute urine
Elevated BUN
Elevated Serum Creatinine

Pharm II (37 decks)

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