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BVetMed 1 > Reproduction - meiosis I and II etc > Flashcards

Reproduction - meiosis I and II etc Flashcards

1
Q

How many chromasomes/chromatids does a cell have?

A

Normally - one chromatid per chromasome

During replication - two chromatids per chromosome, joined by a centromere

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2
Q

What does poildy mean?

A

The number of pairs of chromosomes in a set

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3
Q

What is haploid?

A

the normal number of chromasomes/chromatids in a set - one

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4
Q

What is diploid?

A

Two sets of chromosomes, seen in division §

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5
Q

Where does meiosis occur?

A

Only in germ cells, leads to the production of gametes (egg/sperm)

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6
Q

How does meiosis occur?

A

In two stages: Meiosis I and II

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7
Q

What happens in meiosis I?

A

Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase and cytokinesis

Exchange of genetic material can occur here

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8
Q

What happens in prophase I?

A

Replication to form sister chromatids
Nuclear envelop disintegrates
Chromosomes condense
Spindle fibres appear
Chiasmata occurs

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9
Q

What is chiasmata/crossing over?

A

A homologous cross over, DNA exchanging . Mediated by synaponemal complexes

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10
Q

What happens in prometaphase I?

A

Spindle fibres attach to centromeres

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11
Q

What happens in metaphase I?

A

maternal and paternal chromosmes align and assorted

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12
Q

What happens in anaphase I?

A

Homologous chromosomes are pulled as spindles retract, dividing the DNA

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13
Q

What happens in telophase and cytokineses?

A

The nuclear envelop reforms
Spindles disappear
Cell divides

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14
Q

What happens in prophase and prometaphase II?

A

Same as in the first step

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15
Q

What happens in metaphase II?

A

Chromosomes line up in single file along the equator

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16
Q

What happens in anaphase Ii?

A

Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite ends

17
Q

What happens in telophase and ctyokinesis II?

A

similar to first but 2 non-identical haploid cells are formed rather than diploid.

18
Q

What is non-disjunction/aneuploidy?

A

Failure to separate during meiosis

19
Q

What is the result of non-disjunction/aneuploidy?

A

Production of zygotes with abnormal chromosome numbers

Either whole (meiosis I)
or chromatids (meiosis II)

20
Q

What happens when theres abnormalities due to translocation?

A

Where the chomosomes break arms - reciprocal translocation
or even whole chromosomes join end to end - robertsonian translocation

BVetMed 1 (53 decks)

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