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(3) PT in Special Conditions > S1L1: Wound and Wound Healing > Flashcards

S1L1: Wound and Wound Healing Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

A breakdown in the protective function of the skin

A

Wound

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2
Q

The loss of continuity of epithelium, with or without loss of underlying connective tissue (i.e. muscle, bone, nerves)

A

Wound

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3
Q

Following injury to the skin or underlying tissues/ organs caused by surgery, a blow, a cut, chemicals, heat/ cold, friction/ shear force, pressure or as a result of disease, such as leg ulcers or carcinomas

A

Wound

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4
Q

Refers to the Natural physiologic reaction to tissue injury

A

Wound healing

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5
Q

T/F: Wound healing is an interplay between numerous cell types, cytokines, mediators, and the vascular system

A

True

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6
Q

T/F: Wound healing is the process of final point of destruction of the epithelium to scar formation.

A

False: Process of initial point of destruction of the epithelium to scar formation

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7
Q

T/F: Phases does not overlap with each other and have a set duration

A

False: Phases often overlap with each other and have no set duration

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8
Q

Enumerate the phases of wound healing (3)

A

○ Inflammatory phase
○ Proliferative phase
○ Maturation and Remodeling

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9
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Outpouring of lymphatic fluid and blood

A

A

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10
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Goal is to achieve adequate hemostasis

A

A

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11
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Aggregation of platelets follows the
arterial vasoconstriction to the damaged endothelial lining

A

A

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12
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Vasoconstriction is a short-lived process that is
soon followed by vasodilation, which allows the influx of white cells and more thrombocytes.

A

A

Note:
○ Vasoconstriction prevent further blood loss
○ Vasodilation allows the influx of nutrients to
help with the healing process

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13
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Hemostasis and chemotaxis

A

B

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14
Q

Inflammatory phase duration:

A

0-25 days

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15
Q

Regulation of blood loss

A

Hemostasis

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16
Q

Direct migration of cell in response to a chemical gradient

A

Chemotaxis

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17
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

White cells and thrombocytes speed up the inflammatory process

A

B

Note: Inflammation isn’t necessarily a bad thing, its only bad if the inflammatory phase was prolonged

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18
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Mediators and cytokines

A

B

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19
Q

Promote collagen degradation, transformation
of fibroblasts, neovascularization, and re-epithelialization

A

Mediators and cytokines

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20
Q

initial destruction of loose collagen strands

A

Collagen degradation

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21
Q

creation of new blood vessels

A

Neovascularization

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22
Q

Healing of the layer of skin itself

A

Re-epithelialization

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23
Q

Help increase inflammation to area

A

Serotonin and histamine

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24
Q

○ Attracts, enhances the multiplication and
division of fibroblasts
○ Released from platelets

A

Platelet-derived growth factor

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25
Help to heal wounds and repair damage to blood vessels wall, help blood vessels grow or hematopoiesis or neovascularization
Platelet-derived growth factor
26
○ Phagocytosis of debris and bacteria ○ Allows for the decontamination of the wound ○ Help clear up wound area
Neutrophils
27
Determine the phase of wound healing a. Immediately after the injury b. Inflammatory phase c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase Serotonin and histamine
B
28
Determine the phase of wound healing a. Immediately after the injury b. Inflammatory phase c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase Platelet-derived growth factor
B
29
Determine the phase of wound healing a. Immediately after the injury b. Inflammatory phase c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase Neutrophils, monocytes, and endothelial cells adhere to a fibrin scaffold (initial structure)
B
30
Proliferative or Granulation Phase duration
2-25 days
31
Determine the phase of wound healing a. Immediately after the injury b. Inflammatory phase c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase Fibroblasts have laid new collagen and glycosaminoglycans
C
32
Determine the phase of wound healing a. Immediately after the injury b. Inflammatory phase c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase Re-epitheliazation
C
33
Determine the phase of wound healing a. Immediately after the injury b. Inflammatory phase c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase Neurovascularization
C
34
Determine the phase of wound healing a. Immediately after the injury b. Inflammatory phase c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase Wound contraction
C
35
They lay the building blocks for reepithelialization (collagen & glycosaminogycans)
Fibroblast
36
Migration of cells from the wound periphery
Re-epithelialization
37
In re-epitheliazation, Wound starts healing from the () going into the ()
○ Wound starts healing from the peripheral area going into the center
38
Neovascularization produces new blood vessels. They are from ______ cells
From endothelial progenitor cells
39
Wound contraction is Facilitated by the continued deposition of _____ and _______
Facilitated by the continued deposition of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts
40
Maturation or Remodeling Phase Duration
15 days to 1 year
41
Known to be the strongest in terms of tensile strength; best type of collagen for scar formation
Type 1 collagen
42
Wound contraction peaks at week ___
3 Note: 17-21 days after initial wound, it starts to close
43
Maximal tensile strength of the wound occurs about __-__ weeks
11-14 wks
44
Ultimate scar will have only about ()% maximum strength
80%
45
Determine the phase of wound healing a. Immediately after the injury b. Inflammatory phase c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase Excess collagen degrades (Type 3 - Type 1)
D
46
Determine the phase of wound healing a. Immediately after the injury b. Inflammatory phase c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase Wound contraction peaks at week 3
D
47
Determine the phase of wound healing a. Immediately after the injury b. Inflammatory phase c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase Maximal tensile strength of the wound occurs about 11-14 weeks
D
48
Determine the phase of wound healing a. Immediately after the injury b. Inflammatory phase c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase Ultimate scar will have only about 80% maximum strength
D
49
Determine the types of Wound Healing based on location Bone, skin, dentin, cornea, blood vessels, fibrocartilage and tendon
Type 1
50
Determine the types of Wound Healing based on location Cartilaginous tissues
Type 2
51
Determine the types of Wound Healing based on location Skin, ligaments, blood vessels and internal organs
Type 3
52
Determine the types of Wound Healing based on location Basement membrane in various tissues
Type 4
53
Determine the types of Wound Healing based on location Blood vessel wall, synovium, corneal stoma, tendon, lung, bone, cartilage and skeletal muscle
Type V
54
Initial phase is mostly to decrease blood loss
Hemostasis
55
During Inflammation there is increase in ___
Vasodilation
56
formation of scab
Formation of thrombosis
57
formation of blood vessels
Angiogenesis
58
start of wound healing itself
re-epithelialization
59
building blocks for the start of wound healing
Granulation tissue
60
Determine the phase of wound healing a. Immediately after the injury b. Inflammatory phase c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase Collagen III to Collagen I
Regeneration/Maturation
61
Factors leading to impaired healing: Loss of blood flow to area
Hypoxia / Ischemia
62
Factors leading to impaired healing: If bacteria has large number, it stunts the healing process
Bacterial colonization/infection
63
Factors leading to impaired healing: The rush of blood could wash away the presence of helpful cells
Reperfusion injuries
64
Factors leading to impaired healing: Example - Pt c diabetes have prolonged period of healing dt microvascular injuries
Altered cellular response
65
Factors leading to impaired healing If the area is swollen, other fluids and blood supply cannot enter
Tissue edema
66
Factors leading to impaired healing described as weakening of skin dt prolonged exposure to moisture
Maceration
67
Factors leading to impaired healing Too little fluid or too much fluid are bad
Dehydration
68
Factors leading to impaired healing: Too much or too little collagen are both not ideal.
Collagen synthesis defects

(3) PT in Special Conditions (41 decks)

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