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(3) PT in Special Conditions > S1L1: Wound and Wound Healing > Flashcards

S1L1: Wound and Wound Healing Flashcards

1
Q

A breakdown in the protective function of the skin

A

Wound

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2
Q

The loss of continuity of epithelium, with or without loss of underlying connective tissue (i.e. muscle, bone, nerves)

A

Wound

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3
Q

Following injury to the skin or underlying tissues/ organs caused by surgery, a blow, a cut, chemicals, heat/ cold, friction/ shear force, pressure or as a result of disease, such as leg ulcers or carcinomas

A

Wound

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4
Q

Refers to the Natural physiologic reaction to tissue injury

A

Wound healing

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5
Q

T/F: Wound healing is an interplay between numerous cell types, cytokines, mediators, and the vascular system

A

True

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6
Q

T/F: Wound healing is the process of final point of destruction of the epithelium to scar formation.

A

False: Process of initial point of destruction of the epithelium to scar formation

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7
Q

T/F: Phases does not overlap with each other and have a set duration

A

False: Phases often overlap with each other and have no set duration

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8
Q

Enumerate the phases of wound healing (3)

A

○ Inflammatory phase
○ Proliferative phase
○ Maturation and Remodeling

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9
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Outpouring of lymphatic fluid and blood

A

A

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10
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Goal is to achieve adequate hemostasis

A

A

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11
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Aggregation of platelets follows the
arterial vasoconstriction to the damaged endothelial lining

A

A

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12
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Vasoconstriction is a short-lived process that is
soon followed by vasodilation, which allows the influx of white cells and more thrombocytes.

A

A

Note:
○ Vasoconstriction prevent further blood loss
○ Vasodilation allows the influx of nutrients to
help with the healing process

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13
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Hemostasis and chemotaxis

A

B

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14
Q

Inflammatory phase duration:

A

0-25 days

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15
Q

Regulation of blood loss

A

Hemostasis

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16
Q

Direct migration of cell in response to a chemical gradient

A

Chemotaxis

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17
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

White cells and thrombocytes speed up the inflammatory process

A

B

Note: Inflammation isn’t necessarily a bad thing, its only bad if the inflammatory phase was prolonged

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18
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Mediators and cytokines

A

B

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19
Q

Promote collagen degradation, transformation
of fibroblasts, neovascularization, and re-epithelialization

A

Mediators and cytokines

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20
Q

initial destruction of loose collagen strands

A

Collagen degradation

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21
Q

creation of new blood vessels

A

Neovascularization

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22
Q

Healing of the layer of skin itself

A

Re-epithelialization

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23
Q

Help increase inflammation to area

A

Serotonin and histamine

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24
Q

○ Attracts, enhances the multiplication and
division of fibroblasts
○ Released from platelets

A

Platelet-derived growth factor

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25
Q

Help to heal wounds and repair damage to
blood vessels wall, help blood vessels grow or
hematopoiesis or neovascularization

A

Platelet-derived growth factor

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26
Q

○ Phagocytosis of debris and bacteria
○ Allows for the decontamination of the wound
○ Help clear up wound area

A

Neutrophils

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27
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Serotonin and histamine

A

B

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28
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Platelet-derived growth factor

A

B

29
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Neutrophils, monocytes, and endothelial cells adhere to a fibrin scaffold (initial structure)

A

B

30
Q

Proliferative or Granulation Phase duration

A

2-25 days

31
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Fibroblasts have laid new collagen and glycosaminoglycans

A

C

32
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Re-epitheliazation

A

C

33
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Neurovascularization

A

C

34
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Wound contraction

A

C

35
Q

They lay the building blocks for reepithelialization (collagen & glycosaminogycans)

A

Fibroblast

36
Q

Migration of cells from the wound periphery

A

Re-epithelialization

37
Q

In re-epitheliazation, Wound starts healing from the () going into the ()

A

○ Wound starts healing from the peripheral area
going into the center

38
Q

Neovascularization produces new blood vessels. They are from ______ cells

A

From endothelial progenitor cells

39
Q

Wound contraction is Facilitated by the continued deposition of _____ and _______

A

Facilitated by the continued deposition of
fibroblasts and myofibroblasts

40
Q

Maturation or Remodeling Phase Duration

A

15 days to 1 year

41
Q

Known to be the strongest in terms of tensile strength; best type of collagen for scar formation

A

Type 1 collagen

42
Q

Wound contraction peaks at week ___

A

3

Note: 17-21 days after initial wound, it starts to
close

43
Q

Maximal tensile strength of the wound occurs about __-__ weeks

A

11-14 wks

44
Q

Ultimate scar will have only about ()% maximum strength

A

80%

45
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Excess collagen degrades (Type 3 - Type 1)

A

D

46
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Wound contraction peaks at week 3

A

D

47
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Maximal tensile strength of the wound occurs about 11-14 weeks

A

D

48
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Ultimate scar will have only about 80% maximum strength

A

D

49
Q

Determine the types of Wound Healing based on location

Bone, skin, dentin, cornea, blood vessels, fibrocartilage and tendon

A

Type 1

50
Q

Determine the types of Wound Healing based on location

Cartilaginous tissues

A

Type 2

51
Q

Determine the types of Wound Healing based on location

Skin, ligaments, blood vessels and internal organs

A

Type 3

52
Q

Determine the types of Wound Healing based on location

Basement membrane in various tissues

A

Type 4

53
Q

Determine the types of Wound Healing based on location

Blood vessel wall, synovium, corneal stoma, tendon, lung, bone, cartilage and skeletal muscle

A

Type V

54
Q

Initial phase is mostly to decrease blood loss

A

Hemostasis

55
Q

During Inflammation there is increase in ___

A

Vasodilation

56
Q

formation of scab

A

Formation of thrombosis

57
Q

formation of blood vessels

A

Angiogenesis

58
Q

start of wound healing
itself

A

re-epithelialization

59
Q

building blocks for the start of wound healing

A

Granulation tissue

60
Q

Determine the phase of wound healing
a. Immediately after the injury
b. Inflammatory phase
c. Proliferative or Granulation Phase
d. Maturation or Remodeling Phase

Collagen III to Collagen I

A

Regeneration/Maturation

61
Q

Factors leading to impaired healing:

Loss of blood flow to area

A

Hypoxia / Ischemia

62
Q

Factors leading to impaired healing:

If bacteria has large number, it stunts the
healing process

A

Bacterial colonization/infection

63
Q

Factors leading to impaired healing:

The rush of blood could wash away the
presence of helpful cells

A

Reperfusion injuries

64
Q

Factors leading to impaired healing:

Example - Pt c diabetes have prolonged period of healing dt microvascular injuries

A

Altered cellular response

65
Q

Factors leading to impaired healing

If the area is swollen, other fluids and blood
supply cannot enter

A

Tissue edema

66
Q

Factors leading to impaired healing

described as weakening of skin dt prolonged
exposure to moisture

A

Maceration

67
Q

Factors leading to impaired healing

Too little fluid or too much fluid are bad

A

Dehydration

68
Q

Factors leading to impaired healing:

Too much or too little collagen are both not ideal.

A

Collagen synthesis defects

(3) PT in Special Conditions (40 decks)

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