Small animal physical exam Flashcards Preview

Principles of Science BVetMed 3 > Small animal physical exam > Flashcards

Flashcards in Small animal physical exam Deck (22)
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1
Q

How to introduce - 3

A

Introduce yourself, greet animal, make sure you get name and gender right!

2
Q

PE styles - 3

A
  • Head to tail (easier, less likely to miss things))
  • Systems approach (a lot of moving around)
  • Emergency presentation
3
Q

Patient observation

A

Initially from a distance, use eyes/ears

4
Q

Patient contact - 5

A

Symmetry, shape, size, texture, patient response

5
Q

Normal temperature

A

37.5-38.5 (100-102F)

6
Q

Normal pulse - dogs and cats

A

Dog = 60-120 (higher in puppies)

Cat in consult = 180-200

7
Q

Normal resp rate

A

12-30

8
Q

BCS

A

Nestle/Purina - 9 point scale (4/5 normal in dog)

Royal Canin - 5 point scale (2.5 normal)

9
Q

Signs of pain in eyes - 4

A
  • Blepharospasm (increased lid closure frequency and tone)
  • Enopthalmos (posterior displacement of eyeball within orbit)
  • Lacrimation (tear secretion)
  • Photophobia (bright light sensitivity
10
Q

Which MM do you look at? 2 How to assess? 3

A
  • Eyes (retropulse eye to do this)
  • Gums

-ASSESS: colour, CRT, Hydration (dry, tacky, moist)

11
Q

How are greyhound’s MM different?

A

High haematocrit therefore pink membranes

12
Q

How to assess hydration status 3

A

Skin turgor, eye position, MM. These allow a percentage estimation.

13
Q

LNs to check (2)

A

Submandibular (beware of salivary tissue)
Pres-scapular
Popliteal
Others

14
Q

Where do you hear heart?

A

3-5th ICS

15
Q

How to perform thoracic auscultation?

A

Noughts and crosses approach, evaluate all lung fields

Compare sides, and dorsal to ventral

16
Q

What do you feel on abdominal palpation - cranially 4, middle 1, caudally 3?

A

CRANIAL: liver, spleen, (stomach and kidneys)
MIDDLE: intestinal loops
CAUDAL: bladder, prostate, colon

17
Q

What can you assess via rectal examination? 8

A
Prostate
Uterus
Urethra
Pelvis
Sublumbar LNs
Faeces
Anal sacs
Foreign material
18
Q

Points of an orthopaedic assessment

A

Joints (pain, swelling, heat, ROM, crepitus)

Bones (pain, swelling, instability)

19
Q

Points of a neurologic assessment

A

Only if evidence of neurological disease - seizures, ataxia, CN deficits

20
Q

Points of a dermatologic assessment

A

If evidence of skin abnormalities - hair loss, pruritis, flaking etc

21
Q

How is a PE of cats different?

A
  • Mentation - generally quieter in clinic
  • MM - generally paler and harder to assess
  • Thyroids - palpatein every cat, pinch thumb and fingers around larynx and move towards thoracic inlet
  • Parasternal auscultation important (for cardiac auscultation)
  • Palpate kidneys (possible in normal; via ventral one handed- approach)
22
Q

Acronym for emergency assessment

A

MBS = major body system - cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological

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