TEST I HIGH YIELD

Question 1

cellular response to injury is based on?

Answer 1

type
duration
severity

Question 2

consequences of cell injury depends on?

Answer 2

type
state
adaptibility

Question 3

vulnerability of systems based on?

Answer 3

cell membrane
aerobic respiraton
protein synthesis
genetic apparatus

Question 4

mechanisms of cell injury?

Answer 4

ATP depletion
mitochondrial damage
influx of calcium
accumulation of oxygen
defects in membrane permeability 
damage to DNA

Question 5

ROS is produced by?

Answer 5

endogenous redox reactions
phagocytic production
nitric oxide

Question 6

what are the intracellular accumulations?

Answer 6

abnormal metabolism
protein mutation
lack of enzyme
ingestion of indigestible materials

Question 7

necrosis is based on?

Answer 7

ischemia
free radicals
nuclear damage
types of necrosis

Question 8

2 pathways that activate caspases?

Answer 8

mitochondrial pathway

death receptor pathway

Question 9

what are the signs of swelling?

Answer 9

rubor
tumor
dolar
calor

Question 10

definitions of inflammation?

Answer 10

edema
exudate
purulent exudate
transudate

Question 11

steps to getting WBCs outside blood vessel?

Answer 11

margination/rolling
adherence
transmigration
chemotaxis

Question 12

outcomes of acute inflammation?

Answer 12

resolution
abscess
scar formation
chronic inflammation

Question 13

main products of arachidonic acid metabolites?

Answer 13

cyclooxygenases
lipoxygenases
platelet activating factor
cytokines

Question 14

cytokines involved in acute inflammation?

Answer 14

TNF
IL-1
IL-6
chemokines

Question 15

cytokines involved in chronic inflammation?

Answer 15

IL-12
IFN-gamma
IL-17

Question 16

plasma proteases comprises of?

Answer 16

complement
kinin
clotting systems

Question 17

characteristics of chronic inflammation?

Answer 17

tissue destruction
repair
infiltration

Question 18

causes of chronic inflammation?

Answer 18

persistent infections
prolonged exposure to toxic agents
autoimmunity

Question 19

what are the of chronic inflammation?

Answer 19

monocyte
lymphocytes
mast cells
eosinophils
neutrophils

Question 20

morphologic patterns in acute and chronic inflammation?

Answer 20

serous inflammation
fibrinous inflammation
suppurative inflammation
ulcer