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Cardio Exam 1 > The Cardiac Cycle > Flashcards

The Cardiac Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

systole occurs when

A
  • contraction
  • ventricular ejection
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2
Q

diastole occurs when

A
  • relaxation
  • ventricular filling
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3
Q

what is the highest pressures of the cardiac cycle

A
  • systole
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4
Q

what is the lowest pressures of the cardiac cycle

A
  • diastole
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5
Q

cardiac cycle starting at ventricular filling

what is happening with the valves?

A
  • ventricular filling (AV valve open, aortic valve closed)
  • atrial systole
  • > AV valve closes
  • isovolumetric contraction (AV and aortic valve closed)
  • > aortic valve opens
  • ejection -> aortic valve closes
  • isovolumetric relaxation (AV and aortic valve closed)
  • > AV valve opens
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6
Q

what makes up ventricular systole

A
  • isovolumetric contraction
  • ejection
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7
Q
A
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8
Q

LVEDV

A

volume in ventricle at end of atrial systole

just after mitral valve has shut

max amount of blood pumped into ventricle before ventricule started to contract

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9
Q

LVESV

A
  • volume of blood found in heart after ventricle has ceased to contract
  • at end of systole
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10
Q

stroke volume formula

A

LVEDV - LVESV

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11
Q

Ejection Fraction

A

SV/LVEDV

The amount of blood the heart pumps out per beat

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12
Q
A
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13
Q

1st heart sound heard because

A
  • closure of AV valves
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14
Q

2nd heart sound heard because of

A
  • closure of semilunar valves
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15
Q

3rd heart sound heard

due to

A
  • after 2nd heart sound
  • during opening of AV valves

tensing of chordae tendinae

rapid blood flow

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16
Q

4th heart sound heard

due to

A
  • before 1st heart sound
  • contraction of atria against stiff ventricle
17
Q

which atrium contracts first?

A
  • right atrium before left atrium
18
Q

which ventricle contracts first

result

A
  • left ventricle before right ventricle
  • mitral valve closes before tricuspid and can sometimes get an S1 split
19
Q

which valve shuts first?

A
  • aortic valve shuts before pulmonary valve
  • mitral valve shuts before tricuspid valve
20
Q
A
21
Q

label the waves

A

a - atrial systole

x- descent

c- contraction of ventricles

v- venous filling

y - descent

22
Q

cause of C wave bump

A
  • increased ventricular pressure during ventricular contraction causes teh AV valve to bulge back into the atrium
23
Q

why can you hear a split S2 during inspriation?

A
  • venous return to right atrium (and ventricle) increases, which delays pulmonaic valve closure even further.
24
Q

we hear fixed splitting in what condition?

A
  • atrial septal defect
25
Q
A

Cardio Exam 1 (25 decks)

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