Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Hematology > Thrombosis > Flashcards

Thrombosis Flashcards

(66 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the components of Virchow’s triad?

A

Endothelial injury
Blood stasis/turbulence
Hypercoagulability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two sites in vessels that are sites for thrombosis?

A

Turbulent flow

Endothelial injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

True or false: thrombi are usually attached to the underlying vessel

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where do arterial thrombi go? Venous?

A

Grow back to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the cytokines that have an antiplatelet effect?

A

PGI2

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the anticoagulant properties of the endothelium?

A

Heparin-like molecules

Thrombomodulin activates protein C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the fibrinolytic properties of endothelium?

A

tPA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the protein that allows for platelets to bind?

A

vWF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the role of tissue factor?

A

Produced by endothelium, activates extrinxic pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the role of plasminogen activator inhibitors?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the drug that inhibits platelet aggregation? How?

A

ASA

inhibits thromboxane A2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the role of the alpha granules that are in platelets?

A

P selectin
Fibrinogen
Fibronectin
Factor V, VIII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is in the delta graules of platelets?

A 
ATP
AFP
Ca
Histamine
Epi
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

True or false: the platelet aggregation is reversibles

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is it that the loss of endothelium will result in thrombosis?

A

Exposures of the ECM and vWF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

True or false: turbulences enhances endothelial injury

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

True or false: stasis enhances endothelial injury

A

False–enhances venous thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What happens to vWF when there is increased shearing stress d/t faster blood flow?

A

Unfolds and becomes stickier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the role of fibrin in blood clots?

A

Polymerizes and crosslinks to stabilize clots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What begins the process of clot degradation?

A

Plasminogen activators convert plasminogen to plasmin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the most common cause of hypercoaguability?

A

Factor V leiden mutation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What happens in antithrombin III deficiency?

A

Thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What happens in protein C or S deficiency

A

Thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is disease leads to secondary antiphospholipid syndrome?

A

SLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the MOA of HITs?
antibodies bind to platelets and activate them
26
What is antiphospholipid syndrome?
Abs to phospholipids like cardiolipin, inducing coagulation
27
True or false: superficial thrombosis cause pain, but are not usually concerning
True
28
What is the vein that is involved in DVTs?
Popliteal, femoral, iliac
29
What is the vein that is involved in superficial venous thromboses?
Saphenous
30
True or false: most pts are symptomatic for DVTs
False--50%
31
DIC is what?
Sudden, widespread fibrin thrombi in the microciculation
32
When does DIC occur?
infx, prego
33
What are the effects of DIC?
Infarcts in kidneys, brain, lung etc
34
What does DIC lead to?
consumption of platelets and clotting factors, increasing the risk of bleeding
35
What are the four fates of thrombus?
1. Propagation 2. Embolization 3. lysis 4. Organization and recanalization (inflammation and fibrosis)
36
What is the most common preventable cause of hospital death?
PE secondary to DVT
37
What is the consequences of a medium PE?
Acute respiratory and cardiac symptoms
38
What is the consequences of a large PE?
Right heart failure and collapse
39
What is a paradoxical embolus?
Cardiac emboli passing to the right side through the septal defect
40
Venous infarcts occurs in organs with what type of blood supply?
Single venous outflow
41
How long does it take for a neuron to die from hypoxia?
3-4 minutes
42
How long does it take for the heart to die from hypoxia?
20-30 minutes
43
How long does it take for fibrous tissue to die from hypoxia?
hours
44
What are the parts of the body with dual blood supply?
Lung Liver Hand
45
What are the most common inciting factors for embolism?
Iatrogenic causes
46
True or false: EPO increases the risk of thrombosis
True
47
Is MTHFR a risk factor for embolism
No
48
Are there many, or is there one type of genotype for: antithrombin deficiency
Many
49
Are there many, or is there one type of genotype for: factor V leiden
One
50
What is the prevalence of thrombophilia with factor V leiden?
40-50%
51
What is the relative risk for heterozygous factor V leiden?
7x
52
What is the relative risk for homozygous factor V leiden?
80x
53
What is the relative risk of thrombosis with exogenous estrogen? How about those with factor V leiden, and exogenous estrogen?
3. 7 | 34. 7
54
True or false: you should always evaluate young pts who have thrombosis for genetic history
True
55
True or false: you should always evaluate pts who have recurrent miscarriages for genetic history of thrombosis
True
56
Neonatal purpura fulminans is caused by what?
Homozygous PC or PS deficiency
57
Is AT (III) deficiency AD or AR?
AD
58
When does AT(III) deficiency usually present?
Adolescence or earlier
59
Is PC deficiency AD or AR?
AD
60
What happens to homozygous PC or PS deficiency?
Death early
61
Warfarin necrosis is caused by what genetic disease?
PC or PS deficiency
62
Is PS deficiency AD or AR?
AD
63
What is the MOA of factor V leiden?
Slow inactivation of factor V by protein C
64
True or false: factor Va procoagulant activity is not affected by factor V leiden
True
65
What is the MOA of prothrombin G20210A mutation?
mutation in prothrombin, leading to hypercoagulability
66
One prothrombotic condition increases the risk of thrombosis how much?
5-8 x

Hematology (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions