Lecture 26 Flashcards

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1
Q

define amusia

A

deficit in musical perception that cannot be attributed to a more general auditory dysfunction or intellectual disability

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2
Q

pitch based amusia affects how much of the population

A

1.5%

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3
Q

_______ is a type of amusia that applies when people are born with the deficit

A

congenital amusia

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4
Q

what is the opposite of congenital amusia

A

acquired amusia

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5
Q

true or false - people with amusia can slightly detect deviations in pitch that are very small

A

false - they cannot detect deviations at all

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6
Q

what are semitones

A

it is the smallest musical interval

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7
Q

what is the most commonly used tool to diagnose amusia

A

montreal battery of evaluation of amusia

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8
Q

what does the MBEA assess

A

tonal knowledge, rhythm processing, musical working memory

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9
Q

patients with amusia demonstrate a phenomenon that is referred to as ______

A

perception without awareness

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10
Q

which ERPs do amusia patients demonstrate

A

MMN, N100 and ERAN

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11
Q

which two EPRs are different in amusia patients

A

P3b and P600

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12
Q

what are P3b and P600 associated with

A

tied to conscious detection of a deviant tone

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13
Q

what 3 areas in the right frontotemporal network have observed abnormalities in amusia patients

A

right inferior frontal gyrus
right superior temporal gyrus
right arucate fasciculus

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14
Q

match the area with its function
right inferior frontal gyrus

A

broca’s area -> language production

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15
Q

match the area with its function
right superior temporal gyrus

A

auditory association cortex

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16
Q

match the area with its function
right arcuate fasciculus

A

connects temporal cortex to parietal and frontal

17
Q

what features are found in the abnormalities in the frontotemporal network

A

white and grey matter and connectivity patterns

18
Q

what is the model that explains the observed deficits in the right frontotemporal network

A

inferior frontal gyrus usually processes the signals from the superior temporal gyrus through top down contributions -> but in people with amusia -> interferences with processes that allow conscious detection

19
Q

_________ (a type of disorder) is related to deficits in time perception

A

beat finding disorder

20
Q

in the case study about beat finding disorders… what did people have a difficulty with

A

matching the tempo of a dance like bouncing movement with music

21
Q

give an example of perception action coupling

A

a case study’s patient’s tapping was comparable to controls for typical stimuli but his performance differed from controls when there were unpredictable temporal changes

22
Q

what does acquired amusia typically result from

A

from lesions in the superior temporal gyrus and insula

23
Q

what is the insula important for

A

integrating inputs from across modalities, salience detection and self awareness

24
Q

when lesions only affect either pitch perception or perception of temporally relevant information, what does this suggest

A

the brain has dissociable neural mechanisms

25
Q

Liegeois-Chauvel et al. studied patients who had surgery for epilepsy… what did he find in their brain

A

the right hemisphere parts had impaired contour and pitch interval perception
-> left hemisphere parts had impaired only pitch interval perception

26
Q

what impaired areas of the brain were associated with impaired rhythm perception

A

right temporal lobe, planum temporale and insula

27
Q

when the right anterior lobe was removed in the brain, what did Liegeois Chauvel et al. find

A

there was impaired motor processing

28
Q

bilateral lesions can impair what?

A

melody perception