Lecture 26

Question 1

define amusia

Answer 1

deficit in musical perception that cannot be attributed to a more general auditory dysfunction or intellectual disability

Question 2

pitch based amusia affects how much of the population

Answer 2

1.5%

Question 3

_______ is a type of amusia that applies when people are born with the deficit

Answer 3

congenital amusia

Question 4

what is the opposite of congenital amusia

Answer 4

acquired amusia

Question 5

true or false - people with amusia can slightly detect deviations in pitch that are very small

Answer 5

false - they cannot detect deviations at all

Question 6

what are semitones

Answer 6

it is the smallest musical interval

Question 7

what is the most commonly used tool to diagnose amusia

Answer 7

montreal battery of evaluation of amusia

Question 8

what does the MBEA assess

Answer 8

tonal knowledge, rhythm processing, musical working memory

Question 9

patients with amusia demonstrate a phenomenon that is referred to as ______

Answer 9

perception without awareness

Question 10

which ERPs do amusia patients demonstrate

Answer 10

MMN, N100 and ERAN

Question 11

which two EPRs are different in amusia patients

Answer 11

P3b and P600

Question 12

what are P3b and P600 associated with

Answer 12

tied to conscious detection of a deviant tone

Question 13

what 3 areas in the right frontotemporal network have observed abnormalities in amusia patients

Answer 13

right inferior frontal gyrus
right superior temporal gyrus
right arucate fasciculus

Question 14

match the area with its function
right inferior frontal gyrus

Answer 14

broca’s area -> language production

Question 15

match the area with its function
right superior temporal gyrus

Answer 15

auditory association cortex

Question 16

match the area with its function
right arcuate fasciculus

Answer 16

connects temporal cortex to parietal and frontal

Question 17

what features are found in the abnormalities in the frontotemporal network

Answer 17

white and grey matter and connectivity patterns

Question 18

what is the model that explains the observed deficits in the right frontotemporal network

Answer 18

inferior frontal gyrus usually processes the signals from the superior temporal gyrus through top down contributions -> but in people with amusia -> interferences with processes that allow conscious detection

Question 19

_________ (a type of disorder) is related to deficits in time perception

Answer 19

beat finding disorder

Question 20

in the case study about beat finding disorders… what did people have a difficulty with

Answer 20

matching the tempo of a dance like bouncing movement with music

Question 21

give an example of perception action coupling

Answer 21

a case study’s patient’s tapping was comparable to controls for typical stimuli but his performance differed from controls when there were unpredictable temporal changes

Question 22

what does acquired amusia typically result from

Answer 22

from lesions in the superior temporal gyrus and insula

Question 23

what is the insula important for

Answer 23

integrating inputs from across modalities, salience detection and self awareness

Question 24

when lesions only affect either pitch perception or perception of temporally relevant information, what does this suggest

Answer 24

the brain has dissociable neural mechanisms

Question 25

Liegeois-Chauvel et al. studied patients who had surgery for epilepsy... what did he find in their brain

Answer 25

the right hemisphere parts had impaired contour and pitch interval perception -> left hemisphere parts had impaired only pitch interval perception

Question 26

what impaired areas of the brain were associated with impaired rhythm perception

Answer 26

right temporal lobe, planum temporale and insula

Question 27

when the right anterior lobe was removed in the brain, what did Liegeois Chauvel et al. find

Answer 27

there was impaired motor processing

Question 28

bilateral lesions can impair what?

Answer 28

melody perception