~~ Needs and Motives Perspective QUIZ Flashcards
The projecting of a motive onto an ambiguous external stimulus via imagery.
A) Diagnosticity
B) Apperception
C) Introception
D) Forwarding
B) Apperception
The extent to which a task provides information about something.
A) Informative
B) Reliability
C) Diagnosticity
D) Validity
C) Diagnosticity
A motive assessed indirectly because it is relatively inaccessible to consciousness.
A) incentive
B) implicit motive
C) explicit motive
D) disposition
B) implicit motive
the degree to which an action can satisfy a particular need for a person
A) incentive
B) implicit motive
C) explicit motive
D) disposition
A) incentive
The condition of having more need for power than for affiliation, but restraining its use
A) exhibited power motive
B) inhibited power motivation
C) explicit motive
D) inhibited affiliation motive
B) inhibited power motivation
Cognitive–affective clusters organized around readiness for a particular kind of experience.
A) motive
B) need
C) press
D) schema
A) motive
Dispositional tendency toward high or low level of some motive
A) press
B) motive disposition
C) need
D) schema
B) motive disposition
An unsatisfactory internal condition that motivates behavior.
A) press
B) motive disposition
C) need
D) schema
C) need
Study of the entire person.
personology
According to the motive approach to personality, human behavior is best understood as
a. a manifestation of unconscious wishes.
b. a series of reinforced responses.
c. a reflection of the strength of a person’s needs.
d. the myriad roles a person plays.
c. a reflection of the strength of a person’s needs.
Needs influence which two aspects of behavior?
a. Direction and intensity
b. Direction and duration
c. Force and specificity
d. Force and duration
a. Direction and intensity
The distinction between needs and motives involves
a. motives that are more closely related to behavior.
b. whether the construct is quantifiable.
c. whether the desired object is tangible or intangible.
d. motives that are unrelated to behavior.
d. motives that are unrelated to behavior.
An external stimulus condition that elicits a desire to obtain or avoid something is a
a. construct.
b. press.
c. bind.
d. prompt.
b. press.
According to Murray, hunger would be a _________, whereas the smell of a fresh pizza would be a
a. motive; need.
b. need; motive.
c. press; need.
d. motive; press.
d. motive; press.
Which of the following are true about motives?
a. They influence behavior.
b. They vary across time and situation.
c. They vary by disposition.
d. all of these answers are correct
d. all of these answers are correct
Murray believed
a. not all people have the same basic needs.
b. that within cultures, people have the same basic needs, but not across cultures.
c. all people have the same basic needs, but different levels of them.
d. none of these answers are correct
c. all people have the same basic needs, but different levels of them.
Murray used the term _________ for the process of projecting one’s fantasy imagery onto some objective stimulus.
a. apperception
b. introjection
c. proprioception
d. reflection
a. apperception
Apperception refers to the
a. study of nonverbal behavior.
b. process of projecting imagery onto an outside stimulus.
c. tendency to see different events as satisfying the same needs.
d. study of verbal behavior.
b. process of projecting imagery onto an outside stimulus.
f you were taking the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), you would be
a. writing about your early experiences with your mother.
b. rating the extent to which a variety of words apply to you.
c. writing stories about pictures you are shown.
d. completing word-association tasks.
c. writing stories about pictures you are shown.
Early research using the TAT to assess achievement motivation revealed what about subjects exposed to success or failure feedback?
a. If people succeed at a task, they show a decrease in achievement imagery, but if they fail, they show an increase in achievement imagery.
b. If people fail at a task, they show a decrease in achievement imagery, but if they succeed, they show an increase in achievement imagery.
c. Whether people fail or succeed at a task, they show a decrease in achievement motivation.
d. Whether people fail or succeed at a task, they show an increase in achievement motivation.
d. Whether people fail or succeed at a task, they show an increase in achievement motivation.
In laboratory settings, people lower in need for achievement prefer tasks that are
a. very easy.
b. very hard.
c. somewhere in the middle.
d. either very easy or very hard.
d. either very easy or very hard.
People higher in need for achievement prefer tasks that are
a. very easy.
b. very hard.
c. somewhere in the middle.
d. either very easy or very hard.
c. somewhere in the middle.
People high in need for achievement prefer tasks of intermediate difficulty because
a. such tasks make them look good to others.
b. such tasks provide the greatest information about the person’s ability.
c. they fear failing at a task that is too easy.
d. they know they will be unable to perform a difficult task.
b. such tasks provide the greatest information about the person’s ability.
A task that provides an accurate assessment of ability is considered
a. low in difficulty.
b. distinguishable.
c. high in diagnosticity.
d. high in apperception.
c. high in diagnosticity.