Anatomy of Elbow Joint Flashcards
What type of joint is the elbow?
Hinge joint
What is the blood supply to the elbow joint?
Brachial artery
What is the elbow joint composed of?
Humerus, radial and ulnar bone.
Where does the humerus and ulnar articulate?
Humeroulnar joint is in the trochlear notch of ulnar bone with trochlea of humerus.
What is the coronoid process?
Strengthens the articulation of the humeroulnar joint.
Where do the humerus and radius articulate?
Capitulum of humerus and radius head.
What is the radial fossa?
Strengthens the humeroradial joint.
What are the ligaments of the elbow joint?
Contribute to radioulnar stability
-> Annular ligament
-> Interosseus membrane
-> Oblique cord
->Lateral collateral ligaments
-> Medial collateral ligaments
What are the lateral collateral ligaments?
Composed of 2:
Radial collateral ligament connects the humerus to the radius, becoming continuous with the annular ligament
Ulnar collateral ligament connects the humerus to the coronoid process and olecranon of the ulnar bone
What is the annular ligament?
Wrapped around the ulnar bone to stabilise during supination and pronation.
What is the quadrate ligament?
Connects radius to ulnar bone
What happens in elbow dislocation?
Commonly occurs in children with FOOSH, which causes an extension supracondylar fracture. The humerus dislocates to the weaker anterior side which tears the ulnar collateral ligament.
What is a supracondylar fracture?
Fracture of the supracondylar region of the humerus, above the elbow joint. Blood supply may be occluded from brachial artery and cause ischaemia, resulting in uncontrolled flexion.
What is Volkmann’s contracture?
Ishchaemia to forearm causes permanent flexion of the wrist, typically due to fracture at elbow joint of the supracondylar humerus affecting the brachial artery.
What joint in the elbow allows for pronation and supination?
Pivot joint between the radius and ulna head distally.
