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ANA, BCHM, PHY > 1.7 PHYSIOLOGY -Cardio > Flashcards

1.7 PHYSIOLOGY -Cardio Flashcards

(61 cards)

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0
Q

Other name right atrial pressure

A

Central venous pressure

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1
Q

Semilunar valves

A

Aortic and pulmonic

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2
Q

2 arteries that carry deoxygenated blood

A

Pulmonary artery and umbilical artery

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3
Q

Area in the human body with 100 percent oxygenation

A

Pulmonary vein

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4
Q

3 shunts present in fetal circulatiom

A

Ductus venosus
Foramen ovale
Ductus arteriosus

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5
Q

4 layers of the artery

A

Tunica intima, media, externa and serosa

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6
Q

Tunica externa + serosa

A

Tunica adventitia

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7
Q

Alpha 1 receptors in arterioles are mainly responsible for

A

Smooth muscle constriction, vasoconstriction

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8
Q

Are varicose veins a risk factor for DVT?

A

No.

Immobilization

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9
Q

Beta 2 receptors are responsible for

A

Smooth muscle relaxation

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10
Q

When arterioles vasoconstrict, what happens to blood flow and TPR?

A

BF dec

TPR inc

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11
Q

When arterioles dilate, what happens to blood flow and TPR?

A

Inc BF

Dec TPR

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12
Q

Where do you usually find alpha 1 receptors?

A

Skin, splanchnic, renal

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13
Q

Where do you usually find beta 2 receptors?

A

Skeletal muscles

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14
Q

Reservoir of blood

A

Veins

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15
Q

Parts before true capillaries

A

Arteriole-> metarteriole > precapillary sphincters

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16
Q

Veins contain which type of receptors?

A

Alpha 1

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17
Q

Percentage of blood to the following organs from the aorta:

Cerebral
Coronary
Renal
GI
Skeletal
Skin
A 
Cerebral 15
Coronary 5
Renal 25
GI 25
Skeletal 25
Skin 5
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18
Q

How many percent of blood are in the veins?

A

64%

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19
Q

Formula for compliance

A

C= V/P

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20
Q

The greater the reynold’s the number, the greater the probability of

A

Turbulent blood flow

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21
Q

Velocity is highest at the ____ of the blood flow

A

Center

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22
Q

Max heart rate

A

220-age

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23
Q

2 reasons for phase 2

A

Calcim induced cal release

Ventricular filling

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24
Ion that causes depolarization in SA node and skeletal muscles
Calcium
25
The SA node has what receptors?
Beta 1 and muscarinic receptors
26
Most common arrhythmia post MI
Ventricular fibrillation
27
Basis for Vfib
Circus movements
28
Adverse effect of digoxin
Yello vision | Gynecomastia
29
Gynecomastia causing drugs
Some drugs create awesome knockers ``` Spirinolactone Digoxin Cimetidine Alcohol Ketoconazole ```
30
Normal CO
5 liters/ min at rest
31
2 mechanism that match venous return with cardiac output
Frank starling mechanism | Bainbridge reflex
32
Blood pressure at the large arteries
120/80
33
Blood pressure at the capillaries
17 mmHg
34
BP at the vena cava and R atrium
0 mmHg
35
Bp at the pulmo arteries
25/8
36
BP at the capillaries
7 mmHg
37
ECG change associated with hypokalemia
Flat/inverted T waves with U waves
38
ECG change associated with hyperkalemia
Low P waves, tall T waves
39
ECG change in hypocalcemia
Prolonged QT interval
40
ECG changes in hypercalcemia
Shortened QT
41
Region of infarct in STEMI
Transmural
42
Region of infarct affected in NSTEMI
Partial thicknes
43
Layer of the heart affected in NSTEMI
Subendocardial layer
44
Other name for STEMI
Q wave MI
45
Reynold's number for laminar flow
<2000
46
Reynold's number for turbulent flow
>2000
47
Define shear
A strain produced in the structure of a substance produced by pressure when its layers are laterally shifted in relation to each other.
48
Shear is highest in the
Walls of the vessels
49
Shear is lowest in the
Center of the blood vessel
50
Consequence of shear
Decreased blood viscosity
51
Compliance of veins vs arteries
24x higher
52
Compliance of arteries in aging
Decreased
53
Highest arterial blood pressure
Systolic bp
54
Lowest arterial blood pressure
Diastolic bp
55
Pulse pressure
Systolic-diastolic
56
Stroke volume/arterial compliance
Pulse pressure
57
Formula for MAP
2/3diastole + 1/3 systole
58
Synonym for R atrial pressure
CVP
59
Estimates left atrial pressure
Pulmonary wedge capillary pressure
60
Differentiates cardiogenic pulmonary edema vs ARDS
PCWP

ANA, BCHM, PHY (23 decks)

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