2.3.4 Inferential statistics

Question 1

Probability Values

Answer 1

• A numerical value giving indication of the likelihood that results are due to a real difference/correlation and not due to chance
  e.g. in psychology we accept a probability value of 95%, where results are due to chance in 5% of cases.

Question 2

Significance Levels

Answer 2

• A numerical value that is usually expressed in value including two decimal places and tells you the margin of error that could occur in your results
  e.g. 0.05 suggests that there is a 5% possibility that results are due to chance and not the difference/correlation between variables.

Question 3

Observed (calculated) values

Answer 3

• The numerical value that is created as a result of inferential statistical analysis of your data

> This will be compared to the critical values for the test to calculate the level of significance

Question 4

Critical value from table

Answer 4

• The tabulated numerical values that have been assigned to a particular inferential statistical test

> It is compared to the observed value for your set of data to calculate significance.

Question 5

1. >
2. <
3. ≥
4. ≤
5. =

Answer 5

1. more than
2. less than
3. more than or equal to
4. less than or equal to
5. equal to

Question 6

LOOK AT P2 DEFINITIONS FOR TABLE OF TESTS

Question 7

When do you use a SPEARMANS

Answer 7

• if OV (observed value) is equal to or more
• when the level of data is at least ordinal and is related
• predicting a correlation between variables

Question 8

When do you use CHI-SQUARED

Answer 8

• if OV is equal to or more
• Independent groups
• predicting the difference between variables

Question 9

When do you use WILCOXEN

Answer 9

• if OV is euqal to or more but soemtimes euqal to or less
• repeated measures and matched pairs
• predicting the difference between variables

Question 10

When do you use SIGN TEST

Answer 10

• if OV is equal to or less than
• repeated measures and matched pairs
• predicting a difference

Question 11

When do you use MANN-WHITNEY

Answer 11

• if OV is equal to or less
• independent groups
• predicting a diffrence between variables

Question 12

When is the hypothesis accepted?

Answer 12

• If the number is equal to or more

Question 13

When is the hypothesis rejected?

Answer 13

• if the number is equal to or less