2nd QUARTER- EMBALMING Exam 3 Flashcards
change occuring prior to the embalming process
pre-embalming changes
Those changes occurring prior to somatic death
Ante mortem (Agonal) changes
Thermal changes - ante mortem
Agonal Algor
Agonal fever
a decrease in the body temperature prior to somatic death.
Due to a slow metabolism and poor circulation.
Slows the onset of rigor mortis and decomposition
Agonal Algor
- an increase in body temperature prior to somatic death.
Commonly found in infectious diseases.
Speeds the rate of rigor mortis and decomposition.
Agonal fever
Blood changes - ante mortem
Hypostasis
Coagulation
the settling of blood and/or other fluids to the dependent portions of the body.
hypostasis
(clots) congealing of the blood
coagulation
Moisture changes - ante mortem
Agonal edema
Agonal dehydration
the escape of blood serum from an intravascular (inside the vein) to an extravascular location immediately before death.
There is an increase in moisture in the tissues and cavities.
Which results from capillary expansion.
Therefore, it speeds the decomposition process.
agonal edema
If agonal edema is present, how will this affect the strength of your diluted arterial fluid?
Increase strength of the arterial solution.
the loss of moisture from the human body prior to somatic death.
Could result in the thickening of the blood and dehydration of certain tissue.
agonal dehydration
The movement of microorganisms from one area of the body to another.
An example is from the intestinal area to the blood vascular system due to capillary permeability changes.
It occurs as organisms normally confined to a specific area of the body by natural body defenses are able to move as the body loses its ability to keep them in check. The movement may be the results of the organism.
(1) Having natural motility, (2) entering the blood stream and circulating to other parts of the body, or (3) gravitating to other parts of the body during hypostasis or shift in tissue moisture.
translocation of microorganisms
a type of gas in tissues–
It has no odor, no skin slip; rises to highest body areas; can create intense swelling.
Results from the puncture of the lungs or pleural sac.
Seen in cardiopulmonary resuscitation treatments; puncture wounds to the thorax; rib fractures
Antemortem (prior to death) Subcutaneous emphysema
Treatments in the embalming aspects for gas in tissues include
channel tissue after arterial injection to release gas. Establish good arterial preservation.
The gas may escape through incision in the anterior cervical triangle, but it will not spread to other bodies
A series of physical and chemical changes that occur between the period of somatic death and embalming
post mortem interval
The ________ the time between death and embalming, the ______ changes will occur:
longer
more
changes in form of state of matter w/o any change in chemical composition.
post mortem physical changes
the cooling of the body. Post mortem cooling of the body to the surrounding temperature
algor mortis
The internal organs will cool ______ than the surface tissue
slower
Intrinsic factors (within the body) influencing the rate of algor mortis
Corpulence
Age
Cause of death
(the amount of adipose tissue)
Corpulence
why is age an intrinsic factor influencing the rate of algor mortis?
a child will cool faster than an adult. Also because of less adipose tissue
febrile diseases (fever) will _____the onset of rate of algor mortis
slow
wasting diseases (cancer) can _____ the onset of rate of algor mortis
speed
Extrinsic factors (outside the body) influencing the rate of algor mortis
The amount of clothing covering the body.
The temperature and humidity.
Embalming influence - cooling of the body will slow the onset of decomposition. (this is the reason for refrigeration)
can also occur post mortem. A reason for elevating of the head and feet during embalming.
hypostasis
Because of an increase of moisture, bacterial activity could be high. Why?
because of a warm moist environment increases bacteria activity
Increase moisture will _________ the preservative demands for body regions in which hypostasis had occurred
increase
Hypostatis will cause this. It is the settling of blood brings a discoloration that appears with 1/2 to 2 hours after death. This is a post-mortem intravascular blood discoloration that occurs as a result of hypostasis. Known as post- mortem lividity or cadaveric lividity. The discoloration may first be noticed as a dull reddish patches. As it becomes more established, it can take on a deep reddish-blue appearance. This occurs within the blood vascular system.
livor mortis
Can liver mortis be removed with normal arterial injection and venous drainage? Yes/No Why?
Yes
because it’s intravascular
At death blood will shift to the _________ of the vascular system. During embalming it is the exception to find blood in the _______ when opened.
venous side
arteries
also known as dessication - The loss of moisture or removal of water from the dead human body.
dehydration
The main cause of dehydration is either:
Surface evaporation
Embalming solutions
Hypostasis
Primary cause of dehydration because of air movement over the body causes the loss of moisture.
(in particular the hands and face, lips, ears, and eye lids loose moisture the fastest. The reason to put moisturizer on the face and cover.)
surface evaporation
Why would embalming chemicals be a cause of dehydration?
they are a dehydrating chemicals
the gravitation of fluid
hypostasis
What are the ante mortem (agonal) changes that were discussed for this exam?
thermal changes blood changes moisture changes trans location of microorganisms gases in tissues
What are the post mortem physical changes?
algor mortis hypostasis livor mortis dehydration increase in viscosity imbition
in reference to corpulence: the larger individuals cool _______; thin individuals cool ______ because of _____________
slowly
faster
adipose tissue (fat).
What is the reason for refrigeration?
to slow down the onset of decomposition
the increase in viscosity or thickness of blood, will result in?
the formation of blood clots
types of clots which form after death due to location of blood or increased viscosity of blood. They are usually easily removed in embalming
post mortem clots
a type of post mortem clot- they are long, dark red and stringy (look like currant jelly) - Fast forming and most common
Currant jelly clots
a type of post mortem clot- Slow in forming. Usually small and yellow in color formed after death. Usually more will be present in sudden death
Chicken fat clots
The (swelling of tissue) absorption of the fluid portion of blood by the tissues after death resulting in post mortem edema, excess fluid. Seen primarily in the organs of the body.
Imbibition - To imbibe
Post Mortem cooling of the body slows the onset of rigor mortis and decomposition. Helps keep the blood in a liquid state
Algor Mortis
responsible for livor mortis and later can cause post mortem stain. It also increases tissue moisture in dependent tissue
Hypostasis