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Uncategorized > Anatomy 1: The Final Material > Flashcards

Anatomy 1: The Final Material Flashcards

0
Q

Functions of the skeletal system

A
  1. PROTECTION (rib cage, cranium, vertebrae)
  2. STORAGE AREA (99% of CA is stored in the bones)
  3. MOVEMENT (by means of tendons)
  4. SUPPORT ( framework were the soft tissues & bones attach themselves)
  5. HEMOPOESIS ( the formation of all cells in the blood)
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1
Q

Osteology

A

The study of bones

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2
Q

Hemopoesis

A

The formation of all cells in the blood

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3
Q

How many bones make up the skeletal system?

A

206 in total, with the exception of :

Sutural (WORMIAN) bones
And
Sesamoid bones

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4
Q

Sutural bones

A

“WORMIAN”

Are small irregular shaped bones that sometimes form along the line of fusion of the cranial bones

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5
Q

Sesamoid Bones

A

Any bone embedded in the tendon of a muscle

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6
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

Consists of 80 bones out of the 206 that make up the skeletal system

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7
Q

Skull

A

Consists of 28 bones of the 206 bones found in the skeletal system

Houses the organs of sight and the brain

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8
Q

Cranium

A

Consist of 8 distinct bones that fuses together to protect the brain

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9
Q

Face

A

Consists of 14 classified bones of the 206 bones of the skeletal system

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10
Q

Auditory Ossicles

A

“Ear Bones”

6 bones in total

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11
Q

Hyoid

A

Horseshoe shaped single bone located between the middle of the lower jaw and the voice box

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12
Q

Vertebrae

A

26 bones that make up the adult spinal column.

Houses the spinal cord

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13
Q

Sternum

A

“Breast Bone”

1 bone in total

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14
Q

Ribs

A

Consists of 24 individual bones
Or
12 pairs

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15
Q

Appendicular Skeleton

A

Consists of 126 of the 206 Bones that make up the skeletal system

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16
Q

Upper extremities & Pectoral Joint

appendages & shoulder joints

A

Consists of 64 bones

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17
Q

Lower extremities & Pelvic Girdle

appendages & hip joints

A

Consists of 62 bones

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18
Q

Frontal Bone

A

“Fore head bone”

1 bone

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19
Q

Supraorbital Margin

A

“Orbital Cavity”

Superior boundary of the eye sockets

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20
Q

Superciliary Arches

A

Prominent ridge off the frontal bone, located posterior to the eye brows or “supercillia”

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21
Q

Glabella

A

Slight elevation located at the medial ends of the superciliary arches.

Middle of the eye brows

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22
Q

Frontal eminences

A

Two rounded protuberances which give roundness and fullness to the forehead

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23
Q

Frontal air sinuses

A

Air spaces of the forehead

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24
Q

Parietal Bones

A

Forms the roof and sides of the cranial vault

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25
Q

Occipital Bone

A

Bone in which the brain stem passes

Base of the cranial vault

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26
Q

Foramen Magnum

A

Large opening on the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes

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27
Q

Occipital Condyles

A

Two prominences off the occipital bone on both sides of the foramen magnum.

Only part of the skull that has direct contact with the spinal column.

Articulates with the 1st cervicle vertebrae

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28
Q

External Occipital Protuberance

A

“inion”
Single boney prominence on the base of the skull

Serves as a point of muscle attachment

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29
Q

Temporal Bones

A

Thickest bone in the left & right temple regions

Helps to form the sides if the cranial vault

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30
Q

Squamous Portion

A

“Squama”

Thin shell shaped upper portion of the temporal bone

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31
Q

Petrous Portion

A

Part of each temporal bone that projects into the cranial cavity

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32
Q

3 Auditory Ossicles

A

Malleus “HAMMER”

Incus “ANVIL”

Stapes “STIRRUP”

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33
Q

Carotid Canal

A

Passageways through each temporal bone through which the internal carotid arteries pass

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34
Q

Mastoid Portion - Air Cells

A

Massive part of the temporal bone located directly behind the ear

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35
Q

Mandibular Fossa

A

Two shallow depressions off the temporal bone through which the mandible or lower jaw articulates

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36
Q

External Auditory Meatus

A

Passageway through the temporal bone through which sound waves initially pass

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37
Q

Zygomatic Process

A

Is the boney projection off each temporal bone which goes anteriorly or to the front.

Forms the widest part of the face

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38
Q

Sphenoid Bone

A

Bat shaped bone inside the skull

Helps to form the middle cranial fossa

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39
Q

Stella Turcica

A

“Turkish Saddle”

Shallow depression in the sphenoid bone

Houses and protects the pituitary gland

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40
Q

Sphenoid Air Sinuses

A

Air sinuses in the sphenoid bone

41
Q

Ethmoid Bone

A

Made up of 8 bones

Thin line inside the nose

Single thin and delicate bone of the cranium

Helps to form the boney structure of the nasal septum

42
Q

Cribriform Plate

A

The most superior horizontal portion of the ethmoid bone

Separates the 2 nasal cavities from the cranial cavity

43
Q

Crista Galli

A

Short vertical portion of the ethmoid bone that projects into the cranial cavity

44
Q

Perpendicular Plate

A

Long vertical portion located beneath the cribriform plate

45
Q

Ethmoid Air Sinuses

A

Air sinuses located in the ethmoid bone

46
Q

Nasal Bones

A

Two small rectangular bone of the face that forms the bridge of the nose

47
Q

Lacrimal Bones

A

“Eye Sockets”

Paired fingernail shaped bones of the face which forms the medial boundaries of the orbital cavities

48
Q

Vomer Bone

A

Single or unpaired bone of the face

Helps to form the the boney structure of the nasal septum

49
Q

Palatine Bones

A

2 “L” shaped bones of the face that helps to from the posterior portion of the hard palate

50
Q

Maxillary Process

A

The horizontal portion of each palatine bone which forms the posterior portion of the hard palate

51
Q

Zygomatic Bones

A

“Malar” of “Cheek Bones”

Makes up the lateral boundaries of the eye sockets

52
Q

Temporal processes

A

Boney projections of each zygomatic bone which runs posteriorly.

Unites with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone.

Forms the zygomatic arch “the widest part of the face”

53
Q

Inferior nasal conchae

A

Most inferior part of the 3 pairs of conchaes

54
Q

Maxillae

A

“upper jaw”

2 bones that form the upper jaw

55
Q

Maxillary Air Sinuses

A

“Antrum of Highmore”

Air spaces in the upper jaw

56
Q

Alveolar Process

A

“Tooth sockets”

The spaces where the teeth are housed

57
Q

Palatine process

A

The horizontal part of the maxillae that forms the hard portion of the hard palate

58
Q

Mandible

A

“lower jaw”

Second example of of the impaired bone of the face

Only movable bone of the face

59
Q

Ramus

A

“camel shaped”

The vertical portion on both sides of the lower jaw

60
Q

Angle

A

Point at which each ramus unites with the body

61
Q

Mandible Body

A

The flat part of the lower jaw portion

The largest portion of the lower jaw

62
Q

Mental Protuberance

A

“chin”

Slight elevation on the front of the mandible

63
Q

Sternum

A

“breast bone”

Single bone of the rib cage

Serves as the anterior point of attachment for the first 10 pair of ribs

64
Q

Manubrium

A

Most superior segment of the breast bone

Characterized by 3 notches

65
Q

Sternum Body

A

Largest part of the sternum

66
Q

Zyphoid Process

A

“hangy down part”

Most inferior segment of the breast bone

67
Q

How many ribs are there?

A

12 pair

Or

24 individual

68
Q

True ribs

A

First 7 pairs of ribs directly attached to the costal cartilage and breast bone

69
Q

False ribs

A

Rib pairs 8-12 the costal cartilage IF PRESENT does not directly attach to the breast bone

70
Q

Floating ribs

A

Rib pairs 11-12 are the only ribs that do not have costal cartilage

71
Q

Clavicle

A

“collar bones”

2 medial ends attaches to the breast bone

The lateral ends attaches to the scapula

72
Q

Scapula

A

“shoulder bones”

Triangular shaped bone

73
Q

Humerus

A

“arm bone”

Only bone located between the shoulder and elbow bones

74
Q

Ulna

A

“forearm bone”

Largest and most medial bone of the forearm

75
Q

Olecranon process

Ole C. Ranon

A

“elbow”

Is the boney projection located off the proximal end of the ulna

76
Q

Radius

A

“forearm bone”

The most lateral bone and the smaller bone of the forearm

77
Q

Carpal bones

A

Bones making up the wrist

8 in each wrist, 16 in total

78
Q

Metacarpal bones

A

Bones located beyond the wrist bones

Makes up the palms of the hand

5 in each hand, 10 in total

79
Q

Phalanges

A

“fingers & toes”

14 in each finger and toes, 28 in total

80
Q

Os coxae

A

“hip bone”

3 separate bones

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis (pubic bone)

81
Q

Ilium

A

Largest and most superior segment of the is coxae

The two ^ ^ or the top of the butterfly wings

82
Q

Ischium

A

Most inferior segment of the os coxae

The two bottom butterfly wings

83
Q

Pubis

A

“pubic bone”

Most anterior bone in the os coxae

84
Q

Femur

A

“thigh bone”

The only bone found in the thigh region

Longest bone in the body

85
Q

Patella

A

“knee cap”

Largest and only classified sesamoid bone of the skeleton

86
Q

Tibia

A

“shin bone”

Largest and most medial bone in the leg

87
Q

Medial malleolus

A

Boney prominence off the distal end of the tibia

Inside ankle bone

88
Q

Fibula

A

Smaller and most lateral bone in the leg region

89
Q

Lateral malleolus

A

Boney projection off the distal end of the fibula

Outside ankle bone

90
Q

Tarsal Bones

A

“ankle bone”

7 present in each, 14 total

91
Q

Metatarsal bones

A

Bones located beyond the ankle bones

Make up the arch of the foot

5 in each, 10 total

92
Q

Arthrology

A

Treatment of joints

93
Q

Synthrosis

A

Totally immovable parts

94
Q

Cranial sutures

A

Skull fushions

95
Q

Arising from fontanels

A

Soft spots

96
Q

Sternocostal joint

A

Where the first 7 pair of costal cartilage joins the sternum

97
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

Slightly moveable joint

98
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

Band of connective tissues which joins the pubic joints

99
Q

Sacrosanct iliac articulation

A

Joint between the iliac and sacrum of the hip bone

100
Q

Diarthrosis

A

Freely movable joints

Uncategorized (30 decks)

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