A&P Final unit 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of skin

A

defense, sensation and vitamin d production

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2
Q

Layers of skin

A

Epidermis, Dermis and Subcutaneous (hypodermis)

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3
Q

what tissue is the epidermis

A

keratinized Stratified squamous

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4
Q

what tissue is the dermis

A

dense irregular ct

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5
Q

what tissue is the hypodermis

A

dense irregular, loose areolar and adipose CT

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6
Q

what are the epidermal strata

A

Basale, Spinosum, Granulosum, Lucidum, Corneum

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7
Q

Stratum Basale

A

Deepest layer
Contains epidermal stem cells; cuboidal
rapidly reproduce; layer of epidermal regeneration

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8
Q

Stratum spinosum

A

spiny layer
10 layers of keratinocytes begin filling with keratin
Attached by desmosomes

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9
Q

Stratum granulosum

A

grainy layer
5 layers of keratinocytes; continue filling
nucleus + organelles destroyed
cells flatten

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10
Q

Stratum lucidum

A

translucent layer
several layers of dead cells
found only on thick skin of hands and feet

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11
Q

Stratum corneum

A

horny layer
30 layers of dead cells

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12
Q

Melanocytes

A

stratum Basale
produce melanin to protect skin from harsh UV. pigments skin

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13
Q

Merkel Cells

A

Stratum basale
tactile cells (soft touch)

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14
Q

Dendritic cells

A

Immune cells of skin
“Langerhans”

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15
Q

Hemoglobin in skin

A

pale/flushed

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16
Q

melanin

A

pigment

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17
Q

carotene

A

precursor of vitamin A stored in fat

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18
Q

Nevus

A

pigmented skin lesion formed from a cluster of melanocytes; “mole”

19
Q

Freckles

A

areas of increased melanocyte activity

20
Q

Hemangiomas

A

skin discoloration due to abnormal proliferation of
blood vessels; “birthmark”

21
Q

Friction ridges

A

“epidermal ridges”; cause fingerprints

22
Q

Dermal layers

A

Papillary (top) and reticular (bottom)

23
Q

Papillary layer

A

top layer of dermis
loose areolar CT
Dense capillary network

24
Q

Reticular layer

A

Deep layer of dermis
Dense irregular CT
Accessory structures
-hair
-glands
-sensory receptors

25
Hair function
Protection Heat retention Sensory reception Disperse pheromones
26
Hair bulb
base of hair follicle
27
Papilla
capillary bed
28
hair matrix
living cells divide to form hair
29
Root
hair between bulb to surface
30
Shaft
hair beyond surface
31
Follicle
tube surrounding the root
32
Arrector pili
Control goose bumps
33
Lanugo hair
soft fine hair that covers newborns and babies
34
Vellus hair
thin fine hair that grows all over; peachfuzz on the limbs
35
Terminal hair
thick, course, pigmented scalp, eyelashes, eyebrows, armpits, pubes, etc
36
alopecia
hair loss
37
Diffuse hair loss
Hair sheds from all parts of scalp Due to hormones, drugs, iron deficiency
38
Male pattern baldness
loss of hair from crown back in men
39
Hirsutism
excessive hairiness
40
Merocrine glands
exocrine gland sweat + saliva vesicles fuse with cell membrane and secrete "mellocrine"
41
Apocrine gland
exocrine gland Sweat and mammary Part of the cell with the vesicles are pinched off to release activated during puberty "Apocrine = Apart"
42
Holocrine gland
Exocrine Mature gland dies to secrete Sebaceous (releases sebum) "holo (Dead)"
43
Sudoriferous glands