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Flashcards in Adrenal Drugs Deck (7)
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0
Q

Prednisone

Chemical Classification

A

Intermediate-acting glucocorticoid

1
Q

Prednisone

Functional Classification

A

Corticosteroid

2
Q

Prednisone

Mechanism of Action

A

Decreases inflammation by increasing capillary permeability and lysosomal stabilization, minimal mineralcorticoid activity

3
Q

Prednisone

Uses

A

Severe inflammation, immunosuppression, neoplasms, multiple sclerosis, collagen disorders, dermatologic disorders

4
Q

Prednisone

Contraindications

A

Child <2yr, psychosis, hypersensitivity, idiopathic thrombocytopenia, acute glomerulonephritis, amebiasis, fungal infections, nonasthmatic bronchial disease, AIDS, TB, measles

5
Q

Prednisone

Side Effects

A

CNS: depression, flushing, sweating, headache, mood changes
CV: hypertension, CIRCULATORY COLLAPSE, THROMBOPHLEBITIS, EMBOLISM, tachycardia
EENT: fungal infections, increased intraocular pressure, blurred vision
GI: diarrhea, nausea, abdominal distention, GI HEMORRHAGE, increased appetite, pancreatitis
HEMA: THROMBOCYTOPENIA
INTEG: acne, poor wound healing, ecchymosis, petechiae
META: hyperglycemia
MS: fractures, osteoporosis, weakness

6
Q

Prednisone

Nursing Considerations

A

ASSESS:

  • ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, confusion, hypotension, weight loss before, during treatment; HPA suppression may be precipitated by abrupt withdrawal
  • Potassium, blood glucose, urine glucose while patient receiving long-term therapy, normal: 138-635 nmol/L SI units drawn at 8 AM
  • Weight daily; notify prescriber of weekly gain of >5lb
  • BP q4hr, pulse; notify prescriber of chest pain; monitor for crackles, dyspnea if edema is present; hypertension, cardiac symptoms
  • I&O ratio; be alert for decreasing urinary output, increasing edema
  • INFECTION: increased temp, WBC, even after withdrawal of medication; product masks infection
  • Potassium depletion: paresthesias, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, depression, polyuria, dysrhythmias, weakness
  • Mental status: affect, mood, behavior changes, aggression

PERFORM/PROVIDE:
-Assistance with ambulation for patient with bone-tissue disease to prevent fractures