AGENTS, CONTROLLING THE FUNCTIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM - Antipsychotic agents

Question 1

Neuroleptics are used to treat

Answer 1

Psychosis

Question 2

Most antipsychotic drugs

Answer 2

Strongly block postsynaptic d2receptor

Question 3

Which dopaminergic systems is most closely related to behavior?

Answer 3

The mesolimbic and mesofrontal systems

Question 4

Hyperprolactinemia is caused by blockade of dopamine in

Answer 4

The pituitary

Question 5

Parkinsonian symptoms and tarditive dyskinesia are caused by blockade dopamine in

Answer 5

The nigrostriatal system

Question 6

Extrapyramidal reactions can be treated by

Answer 6

Benztropine mesylate

Question 7

True or False. D1 postsynaptic receptors are located in striatum

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

True or False. D2 pre- and postsynaptic receptors are located in striatum and limbic areas

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

True or False. D4 postsynaptic receptors are located in frontal cortex, mesolimbic system

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

Which antipsychotic drugs is typical?

Answer 10

Haloperidol

Question 11

Indicate the atypical antipsychotic drug

Answer 11

Clozapine

Question 12

Atypical antipsychotic agents (such as clozapine) differ from typical ones

Answer 12

• In reduced risks of extrapyramidal system dysfunction and tardive dyscinesia
• In having low affinity for D1 and D2 dopamine receptors
• In having high affinity for D4 dopamine receptors

Question 13

Tardive dyskinesia is the result of

Answer 13

Hyperactive dopaminergic state in the presence of dopamine blockers

Question 14

Which antipsychotic drugs has high affinity for D4 and 5-HT2 receptors?

Answer 14

Clozapine

Question 15

Indicate the antipsychotic drug, which is a phenothiazine aliphatic derivative

Answer 15

Chlorpromazine

Question 16

Indicate the antipsychotic drug, which is a butyrophenone derivative

Answer 16

Droperidol

Question 17

Indicate the antipsychotic drug, which is a thioxanthene derivative

Answer 17

Thiothixene

Question 18

Indicate the antipsychotic agent – a dibenzodiazepine derivative

Answer 18

Clozapine

Question 19

The strong antiemetic effect of the phenothiazine derivatives is due to dopamine receptor blockade

Answer 19

• In the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the medulla
• Of the receptors in the stomach
• The medullar vomiting centre

Question 20

Phenothiazine derivatives are able to

Answer 20

Alter temperature-regulating mechanisms producing hypothermia

Question 21

Most phenothiazine derivatives have

Answer 21

• Antihistaminic activity
• Anticholinergic activity
• Antidopaminergic activity

Question 22

Indicate the antipsychotic drug having significant peripheral alpha-adrenergic blocking activity

Answer 22

Chlorpromazine

Question 23

Indicate the antipsychotic drug having a muscarinic-cholinergic blocking activity

Answer 23

Chlorpromazine

Question 24

Indicate the antipsychotic drug having H1-antihistaminic activity

Answer 24

• Clozapine
• Chlorpromazine
• Olanzapine

Question 25

Parkinson′s syndrome, acute dystonic reactions, tardive dyskinesia, antimuscarinic actions, orthostatic hypotension, galactorrhea are possible adverse effects of

Answer 25

Chlorpromazine

Question 26

Orthostatic hypotension can occur as a result of

Answer 26

- The central action of phenothiazines - Inhibition of norepinephrine uptake mechanisms - Alpha adrenoreceptor blockade

Question 27

Adverse peripheral effects, such as loss of accommodation, dry mouth, tachycardia, urinary retention, constipation are related to

Answer 27

Muscarinic cholinoreceptor blockade

Question 28

Which phenothiazine derivatives is a potent local anesthetic?

Answer 28

Chlorpromazine

Question 29

Which phenothiazine derivatives may produce cardiac toxicity, including ventricular arrhythmias, cardiac conduction block, and sudden death?

Answer 29

Thioridazine

Question 30

Which antipsychotic agents is preferable in patients with coronary and cerebrovascular disease?

Answer 30

Haloperidol

Question 31

Which antipsychotic agents is used in combination with an opioid drug fentanyl in neuroleptanalgesia?

Answer 31

Droperidol

Question 32

The mechanism of haloperidol antipsychotic action is

Answer 32

- Blocking D2 receptors - Central alpha-adrenergic blocking - Inhibition of norepinephrine uptake mechanisms

Question 33

True or False about clozapine. Has potent anticholinergic activity

Answer 33

TRUE

Question 34

True or False about clozapine. Has high affinity for D1 and D2 dopamine receptors

Answer 34

FALSE

Question 35

True or False about clozapine. Produces significant extrapyramidal toxicity

Answer 35

FALSE

Question 36

True or False about clozapine. Is related to typical antipsychotic agents

Answer 36

FALSE

Question 37

Which antipsychotic drugs has the high risk of potentially fatal agranulocytosis and risk of seizures at high doses?

Answer 37

Clozapine

Question 38

Which antipsychotic drugs has high affinity for D2 and 5-HT2 receptors?

Answer 38

Risperidone

Question 39

Lithium carbonate is useful in the treatment of

Answer 39

Bipolar disorder

Question 40

The drug of choice for manic-depressive psychosis is

Answer 40

Lithium carbonate

Question 41

The lithium mode of action is

Answer 41

- Effect on electrolytes and ion transport - Effect on neurotransmitters - Effect on second messengers

Question 42

True or False about lithium. Stimulate dopamine and beta-adrenergic receptors

Answer 42

FALSE

Question 43

True or False about lithium. Decrease catecholamine-related activity

Answer 43

TRUE

Question 44

True or False about lithium. Stimulate the development of dopamine receptor supersensitivity

Answer 44

FALSE

Question 45

True or False about lithium. Decrease cholinergic activity

Answer 45

FALSE

Question 46

Which adverse effects is associated with lithium treatment?

Answer 46

- Cardiovascular anomalies in the newborn - Thyroid enlargement - Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus