anti-fungal drugs

Question 1

MOA of flucyosine

Answer 1

inhibits fungal nucleic acid by interfereing with fungal thymidylate

Question 2

MOA of griseofulvin

Answer 2

inhibits mitosis by binding to tubilin

Question 3

Polyenes MOA

Answer 3

destabylizes fungal membrane

Question 4

drugs that inhibit squalene expoxidase

Answer 4

allyl- and benzyl-amines

Question 5

drugs that inhibit 14 alpha demethylase

Answer 5

Tri-, imid-azoles

Question 6

MOA of echinocandins

Answer 6

inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 7

can cause bone marrow suppression

Answer 7

flucytosine

Question 8

use of flucytosine

Answer 8

used with Ampotercin B to treat systemic candida and cyptococcal infections

Question 9

accumultes in keratin precursor cells

Answer 9

griseofulvin,

Question 10

use of griseofulvin

Answer 10

syperficial mycoses

Question 11

must be used for 6 months to a year

Answer 11

griseofulvin

Question 12

SE of griseofulvin

Answer 12

headache, hepatic enzyme induction , and disulfrim reactions

Question 13

MOA of terbinafine and butenafine

Answer 13

prevent formation of lanosterol by squalene epoxidase inhibition, and produce accumulation of toxic squalene metabolite

Question 14

accumulates in hair, skin and nails

Answer 14

terbinafine

Question 15

cures most nail mycoses

Answer 15

terbinafine

Question 16

SE of terbinafine

Answer 16

GI upset, headache, rare hepatic toxicity

Question 17

300 hr half life drug

Answer 17

terbinafine

Question 18

use of butenafine

Answer 18

superficial mycoses

Question 19

-azole MOA

Answer 19

inhibit 14a demathylase, decreasing ergosterol formation and increasing accumulation of toxic 14a-methyl sterole

Question 20

inhibits hepatic P450 and can cause drug interactiions

Answer 20

-azole

Question 21

broad spectrum fungistatic at low doses, fungicidal at high doses

Answer 21

-azole

Question 22

SE of ketoconazole

Answer 22

inhibiton of P450 n/v, endocrine abnormalities

Question 23

DOC for systemic blastomyces, sporothix, and SQ chromoblastomycosis

Answer 23

itraconazole

Question 24

azoles that do not cross the BBB

Answer 24

intra, keto,

Question 25

azoles that DO cross BBB

Answer 25

fluco

Question 26

used as a single dose for vaginal candida

Answer 26

fluconazole

Question 27

absorption not effected by gastric pH

Answer 27

fluconazole

Question 28

used for phrolylaxis of crytococcal meningitis

Answer 28

fluconazole

Question 29

DOC for esophgeal and oropharyngel candidasis

Answer 29

fluconazole

Question 30

only azole used for mucormycosis

Answer 30

posaconazole

Question 31

DOC for invasic aspergillosis

Answer 31

vericonazole

Question 32

can cause visual disturbances

Answer 32

vericonazole

Question 33

inhibits CYP3A4

Answer 33

posaconazole

Question 34

form of posacanzole

Answer 34

oral

Question 35

broadest spectrum -azole

Answer 35

posaconazole

Question 36

topical OTC -azoles with significant systemic toxicity

Answer 36

clotrimazole and miconazole

Question 37

DOC for serious systemic mycosis

Answer 37

amphotericin

Question 38

MOA of amhpotericin B

Answer 38

binds to fungal erosterol to form a pore, distrupting membrane stability

Question 39

reason amphotericin B has low toxicity

Answer 39

affinity is 500 times higher for fungal erosterol than human

Question 40

does amphotercin B cross the BBB?

Answer 40

no

Question 41

way amphocerterin must be administered

Answer 41

IV (highly insolulabe)

Question 42

dose related SE of amphotericin

Answer 42

kidney damage, anemia

Question 43

infusion related SE of amphotericin

Answer 43

fever, chills, muscle spasma, vomiting, hypotension

Question 44

way to treat infusion related SE of amphotericin

Answer 44

infuse slowly or pretreat with antihistamines

Question 45

formulation of ampotericin B that reduces toxity

Answer 45

lipid formulation

Question 46

MOA of echinocandins

Answer 46

target fungal cell wall sythesis

Question 47

caspofungin class

Answer 47

echinocandins

Question 48

use of caspofungin

Answer 48

IV for esophageal candiadis and spergillus

Question 49

used IV for esiphageal and invasive candidias

Answer 49

anidulafungin

Question 50

used Iv for mucocutaneous candidiadsis and prophalyxis for candida in BM transplant pts

Answer 50

micofungin

Question 51

can produce histamine release and flushing

Answer 51

micofungin and echinocandins