Antiparasitic Drugs Flashcards
(20 cards)
treats neurocysticercosis
albendazole
drug of choice for Schistosoma
praziquantel
kills taenia solium eggs
praziquantel
which malarial species stay in liver and liver schizonts?
P. vivax and P. ovale
chloroquine: what is it, mechanism, uses
- blood schizonticide
- inhibits heme polymerization, allowing heme to accumulate to toxic levels
- prophylaxis for all 4 malarial species
- eradicates P. malariae and P. falciparum, targets only blood schizonts of P. vivax and P. ovale
drugs that prevent and treat chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum?
blood schizonticides: mefloquine, atovaquone+proguanil, quinine, and doxycycline
treatment of chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum and P. vivax
mefloquine
atovaquone+proguanil: mechanism
inhibit pyrimidine synthesis
what are the advantages of quinine over chloroquine?
quinine treats severe acute attacks and also treats chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum
what are the side effects of quinine?
- cinchoism: headache, visual disturbances, dizziness, tinnitus
- cardiac effects similar to quinidine
treatment of multi-drug resistant P. falciparum
doxycycline
antimalarial that is is also antibacterial; mechanism
doxycycline, inhibits malarial protein synthesis
primaquine: use
- kills liver hypnozoites
- radical cure/terminal prophylaxis of P. vivax and P. ovale
- should be used in conjunction with blood schizonticide
what drug kills liver hypnozoites and which malarial strains does this pertain to?
primaquine; P. vivax and P. ovale
giardia lamblia, trichomonas vaginalis, entamoeba histolytica
metronidazole
drugs for Pneumosystic jiroveci (carinii)
TMP-SMX, clindamycin+primaquine, atovaquone, dapsone (anti-leprosy)
praziquantel: uses (3)
- drug of choice for Schistosoma (blood flukes)
- good activity for some cestodes (tapeworms)
- for taenia solium
prophylaxis for chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum
atovaquone + proguanil
albendazole: uses (2)
- cutaneous larval migrans
- treats neurocysticercosis
entamoeba histolytica
metronidazole
