Flashcards in Intro to CNS Pharmacology Deck (17)
Loading flashcards...
1
leak channels open during resting membrane potential
K+, Cl-
2
action potentials: sequence of events
-localized depolarization-->voltage-gated sodium channels open
-voltage-gated potassium channels also open but their opening is more gradual and their inactivation is slower
3
action potentials are ______ and ______ in amplitude
all-or-none, 100 mV
4
synaptic potentials (IPSP, EPSP) are ______ and ______ in amplitude
graded, few mV
5
ways two kinds of EPSPs can occur
-increased conductance EPSPs: open ligand-gated channels for sodium or calcium
-decreased conductance EPSPs: close potassium leak channel
6
way in which IPSP can occur
open ligand-gated channels for potassium or chloride
7
gating mechanism for action potential vs. synaptic potentials
APs: voltage
synaptic: ligand/chemical
8
norepinephrine is important for what and via what receptors?
arousal/wakefulness (alpha receptors), autonomic nervous system regulation (beta receptors)
9
rate-limiting step of norepinephrine synthesis
conversion of tyrosine to L-DOPA by tyrosine hydroxylase
10
co-factor for tyrosine hydroxylase
BH4 (tetrahydrobiopterine)
11
autoreceptor responsible for feed-forward regulation of norepinephrine release (increases release)
beta receptor
12
autoreceptor responsible for feedback regulation of norepinephrine release (decreases release)
alpha2 receptor
13
3 mechanisms of norepinephrine inactivation
1. diffusion
2. reuptake by presynaptic neuron
3. enzymatic inactivation (MAO and COMT)
14
compare the vesicles that hold norepinephrine vs. neurotensin
-norepinephrine: small
-neurotensin: large, dense core
15
norepinephrine vs. neurotensin: compare where they are packaged
-norepinephrine: filled at the terminal
-neurotensin: packaged at the Golgi
16
norepinephrine vs. neurotensin: compare inactivation and what this implies
no reuptake by transporters for neurotensin, which means peptides tend to last longer
17
