APUSH Chapter 28 Part 4 Flashcards
Japenese advances 1941-2
Trying to gain control of western Pacific –> natural resources
Attacks Guam, wake island, Philippines
The Doolittle raid
April 1942 Let. Col. jimmy Doolittle B-25 Bombers launch off carrier - USS Hornet Retaliation for Pearl Harbor Morale boost for US
War in the Philippines
MacArthur returns to the Bataan Peninsula
120,000 American troops and Filipinos define
Bataan Death March
60,000 American and Filipino POWs Forced to march 68 miles to prison camp (Physical abuse- beating, bayoneting, etc.) 10,000 die along the march Becomes symbol of retribution for US
MacArthur
Ordered by Washington to evacuate
Directs war from Australia
“I shall return”
Midway
June 1942 Fighting done by carriers only Ships never see each other Japenese break off attacks after losing four carriers Turning point
Island Hopping
Selectively attacking specific islands and passing others
Cut supplies, reinforcements, Communication
Wither on the vine
Leads to battles
Guadalcanal
MacArthur, oct. 1944
Returns to Philippines
“I have returned”
Iwo Jima
Feb 1945 –> marines storm beach
Advance only 700 yards after 3 days
Americans finally fans Island
Airfield allows for bomber attacks in Japan
Okinawa
Last step to invasion of Japan
100,000 defenders pledged to fight to death
Kamikaze and Banzai charges
Only 7200 defenders surrender
Potsdam Conference
July 1945
Allies (Truman, Clement Attlace, Stalin) and Chiang Kai Shek meet to discuss end of war
Demand unconditional surrender
Threaten “utter destruction”
The Manhattan Project
Albert Einstein
1939-writes letter to FDR encouraging the development of the atomic bomb (1942-46)
Headquartered at Los Alamos Laboratory (NM)
Headed by physicist John Oppenheimer and General Leslie Groves
Goal is to develop a nuclear weapon
Fission vs fusion
Trinity test site
July 16 1945
Truman’s struggle
Invade Japan? Blockade? Show strength? Unconditional surrender?
USS Indianapolis
Leaves SF hours after Trinity Test
Hiroshima
Aug 6, 1945
Ebola Gay
130,000 killed
Russia joins the fight –> Stalin declares war on Japan
Nagasaki
August 9, 1945
30,000 dead
Surrender
Aug 10th, 1945 –> Japan asks for surrender
1 condition (keep emperor hiroshito)
allies accept on august 14th
VJ Day
Sept 2, 1945
Japenese govt officially surrenders to MacArthur aboard USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay
