APUSH Chapter 29 Part 1 Flashcards
The yalta Conference
Feb. 1945 Occupation zones of Germany Free elections for Poland, Bulgaria, Romania Stalin soon breaks promise Creation of United Nations (UN)
US Goals for Europe
Encourage democracy and capitalism
Access to markets and raw materials
Rebuild European govt
Reunify Germany
Soviet goals
Rebuild in ways that support Soviet Union
Establish satellite nations
Spread communism
Keep Germany weak
Soviet control
Soviet candidates win elections or are installed via intimidation from soviet forces
Finland and Yugoslavia cooperate w Stalin but don’t fall under control
Why US didn’t like or trust USSR
Communism–>no private property
Totalitarianism–> no opposing political parties
Non aggression pact w Hitler in 1939
Why USSR didn’t like US
Capitalism–>free market economy–> disparity of wealth
Democracy
Failure to invade Europe earlier
Kemp bomb secret from allies
Churchill’s Iron Curtain
Everything under soviet influence is part of union
The Berlin Airlift
1948-9
Soviets cut off rail and road access to Berlin
Goals is to starve West Berlin –> force towards communism
American pilots fly supplies in to aid German people
Soviets lift blockade (May 1949)
Containment
US foreign policy developed by George Kenna in 1947
Eastern Europe is lost
USSR’s goal is to expand influence
US must stop soviet attempts to create communist govts–> contain
Believe that soviet power will eventually dissolve from within
Truman doctrine
March 1947
Truman adopts get tough w Russia policy
Asks congress for $400 million in economic and military aid
Support for nations fighting communism in the hope of democracy –> specifically Greece and turkey–> later expanded
Marshall plan
1947
French Italian, and German economies flounder after WWII
desperate citizens begin to look to communism parties
$12 billion in economic aid to 16 nations
NATO 1949
Military alliance of 10 Western European nations + US
1st peacetime alliance for US
Soviets respond w the Warsaw Pact
Alliance of communist nations
NSC - 68
April 1950
Sets us military policy to implement climate containment of all communist govts —> increase military budgets
Rejection of detente and rollback proposals
Hydrogen bonds, military aid to allies
