APUSH Chapter 33-34 Part 1 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Gerald Ford
U Mich Grad WWII Navy Veteran Congressman from Mich Served on Warren Commission Only president never elected President or VP (25th amendment presidential succession) Clumssyyyy
Betty Ford
Politically active and outspoken
Supported feminism, ERA, gun control
Her battle w alcoholism led to her founding the Betty Ford Center
Name a failure of Ford
Pardons Nixon
Oil shortages
Organization of petroleum exporting companies (OPEC) announces embargo of oil shipments to US, Europe (1973)
-retaliation for US support of Israel
Embargo lifted 1974
Price of oil quadruples
Economic pains
Stagflation
Stagnation-economic growth slows to a halt (shift from manufacturing to services)
Inflation-rise in cost of goods or services, (Vietnam, oil prices, Great Society programs)
Foreign manufacturing outpaces US throughout 70s
Toyota Cars
Election 76
Carter defeats Ford
Jimmy Carter
Political outsider Former gov Georgia Peanut farmer Navy veteran Supported by the "religious right"
Carters successes
Camp David accords (peace between Egypt and Israel) Salt II (never ratified)
Carters mistakes
Pardons to draft evaders
More economic troubles
Inflation continues to rise
Federal budget deficits reach $60 million in 1980
Malaise Speech
July 1979
Carters speaks on national TV
US is falling into a “moral and spiritual crisis”
Explains that he believes that the US has a crisis of confidence
US is too concerned with material goods
Asks Americans to conserve energy to limit costs
Soviets invade
Afghanistan
Iran hostage crisis
1908- oil discovered in Iran
US and Britain begin economic relationship
Reza Shah Pahlavi
Comes to power during WWII, supported by Britain and US
Opposed by Iranian PM Mohammad Mossadergh who is supported by the USSR
1953 CIA coup removes Mossadegh
The Shah Westernizes Iran
Oil profits
Rights for women
Deemphasizes Islamic Law
Exiles opposition leader Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini
Iranian Revolution
1978-9
Opponents of the Shah deplore westernization
Demand return of Khomeini
Shah responds w reprisals against dissenters by secret police force (SAVAK)
Jan 1979
Shah flees to Egypt
Ayatollah Khomeini returns and reinstates Islamic law
The Shah, now suffering from cancer seeks asylum and treatment in the US
Iranians want him returned to face trial
What should US do?
The Shah enters the US
student protests in Iran lead to takeover of American embassy with 60 hostages
Americas response
Support for hostages Renewed patriotism Anger and distrust towards Iranians Middle easterners Muslims
Carters response
Economic sanctions
Freezing of assets
Operation eagle claw
1980 Commando raid to free captives 2 helicopters collide 8 dead Embarrassment to cater and military
The end of crisis
Death of the shah /invasion of Iran by Iraq Iran shows willingness to negotiate carter negotiates the Algiers accords Release of prisoner Release of Iranian funds in US Pledge by US not to intervene in Iran
Release
Hostages released minutes after reagans inauguration
Carter punished for support of shah
Legacy of the crisis
US relationship with the Arab world
State sponsored terrorism
Iran today
