APUSH Chapter 31 Part 1 Flashcards
John Fitzgerald Kennedy
Born into wealthy, influential family
WWII Navy Veteran (PT109)
US House of Representatives (1946, 48, 50)
US Senate (1952, 1958)
Campaigning in 1960
Handsome, young (43), charismatic, catholic, use of television
Richard Nixon
IKE’s VP
gains popularity during “The Kitchen Debate”
Easily wins Republican Nomination
1960s presidential debate –> first televised
JFK defeats Richard Nixon in 1960 Presidential Election
Extremely close
Camelot
Kennedy White House, youth, optimism, elegance (Jackie)
The Kennedy Cabinet
McGeorge Bundy-National Society Advisor
Robert McNamara - Sec of defense
Dean Rusk - sec of state
Robert Kennedy - attorney general
JFK’s new frontier
Goal is displaying Americans potential for greatness
Domestic agenda
Stimulate economy through deficit spending
Defense spending
Civil Rights
Initially hesitant
Fears loss of support of south
Eventually lends support to movement
Marshals to protect freedom riders
The Final Frontier
Billions of dollars dedicated to the Apollo Program
July 1969
Neil Armstrong and buzz aldrin walk on the moon
US restores prestige lost to USSR after Sputnik
War on Poverty
1963-JFK begins plans to eliminate poverty in Appalachia
Foreign policy
Peace corps
American volunteers help in underdeveloped countries
Schools, clean water
The bay of pigs invasion (1961)
CIA under IKE trains Cuban exiles to invade –> overthrow Castro–> JFK oks plan
Invasion is a military public relations disaster
CIA continues assassination plans
Castro builds stronger ties with USSR
Cuban missile crisis
Oct 1962 U-2 surveillance photos show missiles
Oct 22 1962
JFK informs people demands removal
Khrushchev sends ships (missiles) to Cuba
JFK orders quarantine and possible invasion of Cuba
A week later Soviet ships turn around before reaching Cuba
End
Soviet Khrushchev agree to remove offensive weapons
US agrees to remove missiles from turkey, not to invade Cuba
Nuclear war avoided
Detente w the USSR
Tensions lead to
Establishment of the Hotline (1963)
Limited test ban treaty(1963)
Berlin Crisis
By 1961 3 million East Germans had fled to West Berlin
Soviets construct Berlin Wall to prevent movement of East Germans to West Berlin
Wall becomes a signal of communist oppression until 1990
