Biochemistry Chapter 2 Notes-AP Bio Flashcards
(18 cards)
What was it like at the beginning of time
Just floating parts, no atoms
What are living things
A series of chemical reactions
Atoms
Smallest fundamental unit of matter worth considering.
Amount how many events are the Arendt which are the most important.
~120, and Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen. ~10 minor and ~30-50 trace
What does charge have to do w stability
Nothing
Charge
protons : # electrons
Stability
Whether or not the valence shell is full
Anything ironically bonded is known as what
A salt
Ionic bonds
Transfer of electrons, not many possible combinations. “Boring”
Dry ionic bond
Strongest non water bond
How do all ionic bonds arrange
In a crystal
Covalent bonds
Sharing of electrons, functionally infinite combinations. All important biological molecules are covalently bonded. (Glucose, DNA)
What is the structure of something covalently bonded
A molecule
How many valence electrons does carbon have and why is that special
4 valence electrons, can do 4 bonds and bond to itself
Polarity
The unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond. Leads to the unequal distribution of charge in a molecule. Polar molecules are attracted to other polar molecules.
Hydrogen bonds
The strongest attractions between the most polar molecules. Common in biological systems.
All chemical reactions result in
The breaking and forming of chemical bonds
In any reactions, what is conserved
Mass energy and charge
