Ch. 10 Vocab

Question 1

trait

Answer 1

stable pattern of responding to situations

Question 2

reciprocal determinism

Answer 2

Bandura’s model in which personal, behavioral, and environmental factors interact to influence personality development

Question 3

psychological self

Answer 3

an understanding of one’s stable, internal traits

Question 4

self-efficacy

Answer 4

belief in one’s capacity to cause an intended event to occur or to perform a task

Question 5

social comparisons

Answer 5

conclusions drawn about the self based on comparisons to others

Question 6

self-esteem

Answer 6

global evaluation of one’s own worth

Question 7

moral realism stage

Answer 7

the 1st of Piaget’s stages of moral development, in which children believe rules are flexible

Question 8

moral relativism stage

Answer 8

2nd stage of Piaget’s stages of moral development, in which children understand that many rules can be changed through social agreement

Question 9

self-regulation

Answer 9

children’s ability to conform to parental standards of behavior w/out direct supervision

Question 10

relational aggression

Answer 10

aggression aimed at damaging another person’s self-esteem or peer relationships, such as by ostracism or threats of ostracism, cruel gossip, or facial expression of disdain

Question 11

retaliatory aggression

Answer 11

aggression to get back at someone who has hurt you

Question 12

bullying

Answer 12

a complex form of aggression in which a bully routinely aggresses against one or more habitual victims

Question 13

social status

Answer 13

an individual child’s classification as popular, rejected, or neglected

Question 14

conduct disorder

Answer 14

psychological disorder in which children’s social and/or academic functioning is impaired by patterns of antisocial behavior that include bullying, destruction of property, theft, deceitfulness, and/or violations of social rules